Exam Prep Rise

Sarah Mitchell sorts every respiratory drug into rescue or controller: albuterol for attacks, inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta agonists for daily control and never a LABA alone in asthma, and ipratropium and tiotropium with their glaucoma and prostate cautions. She teaches inhaler order and spacer technique, peak flow zones, montelukast mood warnings, theophylline's 10 to 20 range, steroid bursts and magnesium for severe attacks, oxygen devices, and the COPD target saturation of 88 to 92 percent.

Lesson 66 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell builds the insulin table from rapid-acting lispro to peakless glargine, with the onset, peak, and feeding rule for each, then covers clear-before-cloudy mixing, site rotation, and storage. She walks through the rule of 15 for hypoglycemia, glucagon and dextrose for the unresponsive patient, sick-day rules, and the signature warning for metformin, sulfonylureas, SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 agonists, and thiazolidinediones, with scenarios on a missed breakfast and metformin before contrast.

Lesson 67 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell teaches the timing and pairing rules of endocrine drugs: levothyroxine alone in the morning and four hours from calcium and iron, the sore-throat warning on propylthiouracil and methimazole, and corticosteroids given in the morning with food, tapered, and increased under stress. She covers desmopressin and water intoxication, estrogen clot risk, ACHES and missed-pill rules, the antibiotic myth, and the obstetric drugs from oxytocin to methylergonovine, with scenarios on adrenal crisis and a child on desmopressin.

Lesson 68 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell covers safe analgesia: assessing respiratory rate and sedation before every opioid dose, bowel regimens from day one, fentanyl patch and codeine rules, and naloxone's short duration. She explains PCA pumps and why only the patient presses the button, NSAID bleeding and kidney risks with the five-day ketorolac limit, the four-gram acetaminophen ceiling and acetylcysteine, adjuvants for nerve pain, and tolerance versus addiction, with scenarios on PCA by proxy and hidden acetaminophen.

Lesson 69 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell walks through the five rights of delegation and the dividing lines between the RN, the LPN or LVN, and unlicensed assistive personnel: what can never be delegated, what an LPN can and cannot do in most states, and which tasks belong to a UAP. She covers accountability, float and new-graduate assignments, refusing an unsafe assignment without abandoning the patient, and the classic trap of the stable patient with a new symptom.

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Sarah Mitchell separates left-sided from right-sided heart failure at the bedside, left is lungs and right is the rest of the body, then covers ejection fraction, NYHA classes, BNP, and the echocardiogram. She runs the first minutes of flash pulmonary edema, walks through each chronic drug class with its signature side effect, and teaches daily weights, sodium limits, and when to call, with worked scenarios on pulmonary edema and salt substitutes.

Lesson 94 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell walks the spectrum from stable angina to STEMI and the atypical presentations in women, older adults, and diabetics. She covers the 12-lead ECG within 10 minutes, troponin, chewed aspirin, nitroglycerin limits, oxygen only when hypoxic, door-to-balloon in 90 minutes and door-to-needle in 30, the complications that kill, post-PCI and CABG care, discharge medications, cardiac rehab, and home teaching, with scenarios on a silent MI and a retroperitoneal bleed.

Lesson 95 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell teaches rhythm emergencies by the rule treat the patient, not the monitor. She covers rate control, rhythm control, and anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation and the 48-hour cardioversion rule, vagal maneuvers and adenosine for SVT, amiodarone or cardioversion for VT, defibrillation and epinephrine for pulseless rhythms, atropine and pacing for bradycardia and heart blocks, pacemaker teaching, the H's and T's, CPR quality targets, and Beck's triad, with scenarios on stable SVT and postoperative tamponade.

Lesson 96 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell separates side effect, adverse effect, toxicity, and true allergy, then runs the anaphylaxis sequence with epinephrine doses and the biphasic watch window. She covers Stevens-Johnson syndrome, ACE inhibitor angioedema, red man syndrome, serotonin syndrome, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and malignant hyperthermia, the drugs that damage kidneys, ears, liver, and bone marrow, and the food and drug interactions the exam tests. Scenarios cover penicillin anaphylaxis and haloperidol-induced NMS.

Lesson 59 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell stacks the prioritization frameworks the NCLEX expects in order, ABC with its CPR and anxious breather exceptions, Maslow, the nursing process, and the comparison rules of acute over chronic, unstable over stable, unexpected over expected, new over known, and least invasive first. She lists the trap words that signal a priority question and reasons five who first scenarios out loud, from a post thyroidectomy airway to a hypoglycemic patient who can still swallow.

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Sarah Mitchell covers peripheral IV site selection, gauge, dressings, and assessment, then separates infiltration, phlebitis, and extravasation by signs and first action, including why the catheter stays in for a vesicant. She reviews PICC lines, ports, sterile dressing changes, 10 milliliter flushes, the air embolism drill, fluid overload and speed shock, isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions, line removal, and the CLABSI bundle. Scenarios cover norepinephrine extravasation and an open central line.

Lesson 60 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell lays out the transfusion checklist: consent, type and crossmatch, an 18 to 20 gauge IV, saline only, filter tubing, and the two-nurse bedside verification, then the timing rules of a slow start, 15 minutes at the bedside, and completion within 4 hours. She walks through acute hemolytic, febrile, allergic, anaphylactic, TRALI, TACO, and bacterial reactions, the indications for each blood product, refusal, warmers, massive transfusion, and delayed reactions. Scenarios cover a fever at 20 minutes and circulatory overload.

Lesson 61 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell walks through the technique details the NCLEX turns into which-action-is-correct questions: which tablets can never be crushed, flushing through N G and PEG tubes, subcutaneous and intramuscular angles, sites, and needle sizes, Z-track, reading a tuberculin skin test, coaching metered dose and dry powder inhalers, eye and ear drop technique by age, rectal and vaginal routes, and transdermal patch safety. Two scenarios cover an extended release tablet at a PEG tube and a TB test reading.

Lesson 58 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell walks the postoperative timeline, airway and positioning in the PACU, the Aldrete score, and discharge criteria, then the complications by the clock, hemorrhage in the first 24 hours with tachycardia before hypotension, atelectasis at 48 hours, DVT and pulmonary embolism, wound infection and dehiscence with evisceration, paralytic ileus, and urinary retention with a bladder scan at 6 to 8 hours. She closes with layered pain management, ambulation, and discharge teaching, plus an early hemorrhage scenario and an evisceration scenario.

Lesson 86 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell walks through every tube the NCLEX tests: reading a chest drainage system, with tidaling normal and continuous water seal bubbling an air leak, plus the disconnection and pull-out emergencies. She covers nasogastric insertion and pH verification, the Salem sump pigtail, sterile tracheostomy suctioning in 10 to 15 second passes, Jackson Pratt, Hemovac, Penrose, and T tube drains, wound vacs, and the rule to assess the patient before the alarm.

Lesson 87 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell maps the fluid compartments, third spacing, and the daily weight rule of one kilogram per liter, then contrasts hypovolemia, fast, flat, dry, and dark, with hypervolemia, wet lungs, bounding pulse, and weight gain. She sorts isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic fluids by where the water goes, explains why D5W acts hypotonic, covers fluids for DKA, burns, and hyponatremia, intake and output, specific gravity, and dehydration in infants and older adults.

Lesson 88 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell frames sodium as a water problem the brain keeps score of. She sorts hyponatremia by volume status, from SIADH and thiazides to heart failure, matches each to isotonic saline, fluid restriction, or three percent saline for severe symptoms, and explains why correction is capped near eight to ten milliequivalents per liter a day. Hypernatremia, slow water replacement, SIADH versus diabetes insipidus, seizure precautions, and two worked scenarios round it out.

Lesson 89 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell contrasts arterial and venous leg disease, arteries hang down with no heat or compression while veins go up with compression stockings, then covers the six P's of acute arterial occlusion. She works through Virchow's triad, DVT diagnosis and anticoagulation, early ambulation, IVC filters, the recognition and first actions for pulmonary embolism, clot prevention, and abdominal aortic aneurysm, Raynaud's, Buerger's, and varicose veins, with scenarios on arterial teaching and a postoperative embolism.

Lesson 97 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell walks through stroke from the first minute: ischemic versus hemorrhagic, BE FAST recognition, and why last known well decides everything. She covers the noncontrast CT, alteplase eligibility and the 185 over 110 blood pressure limit, the 24 hour post-tPA rules, thrombectomy timing, NPO until swallow screen, left versus right hemisphere deficits, aphasia strategies, and carotid endarterectomy care, with two worked scenarios on tPA timing and post-tPA headache.

Lesson 98 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell sorts seizures into generalized and focal types, then runs the bedside response step by step: time it, turn to the side, protect the head, nothing in the mouth, no restraints. She defines status epilepticus at five minutes and lays out lorazepam first, then fosphenytoin or levetiracetam, with airway and glucose throughout. The lesson closes with reversible causes, antiseizure drug teaching, driving and home safety, seizure documentation, EEG preparation, and vagal nerve stimulator and ketogenic diet basics.

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Sarah Mitchell walks through the abdominal assessment sequence, inspect, auscultate, percuss, palpate, what bowel sound counts mean, and what named signs like Murphy's, McBurney's, Cullen's, and Grey Turner point to, along with stool and emesis colors. She then covers urinary red flags, the output floor, bladder scanning, catheter care, costovertebral angle tenderness, and sexual history taking, with a ruptured appendix scenario and a post catheter urinary retention scenario.

Lesson 82 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell teaches pressure injury staging from stage 1 through stage 4, unstageable, and deep tissue injury, the six Braden categories with the 18 or less cutoff, and the prevention bundle. She covers wound measurement, drainage types, healing by primary, secondary, and tertiary intention, dressing selection, wound vac basics, the ABCDE rule, rule of nines, musculoskeletal grading, and neurovascular checks, with a compartment syndrome scenario and a staging scenario.

Lesson 83 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell covers the nursing care around common diagnostic tests, including the shellfish and iodine myth, holding metformin for 48 hours after contrast, MRI metal screening, cardiac catheterization site and pulse checks, gag reflex return after bronchoscopy and endoscopy, bowel prep and barium care, and positioning and complications for lumbar puncture, paracentesis, thoracentesis, liver biopsy, and bone marrow biopsy. She closes with consent, time outs, and moderate sedation monitoring, plus a retroperitoneal bleed scenario and a post bronchoscopy scenario.

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Sarah Mitchell walks through the preoperative assessment, latex allergy risk groups, which medications to hold or continue, current fasting guidance, and the preop checklist from consent to site marking to the time out. She covers coughing, spirometer, and leg exercise teaching, preoperative medications, malignant hyperthermia and dantrolene, anesthesia types with ASA classes, circulating and scrub nurse roles, surgical counts, positioning injuries, and special populations, with a consent scenario and a medication hold scenario.

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Sarah Mitchell breaks down the Glasgow Coma Scale, eye four, verbal five, motor six, with worked scores and the eight or less intubation rule. She covers the level of consciousness ladder, pupil findings including the unilateral dilated pupil of herniation, pronator drift, decorticate versus decerebrate posturing, a cranial nerve quick screen, Romberg and dermatomes, the early and late signs of rising intracranial pressure, neuro check frequency, and FAST stroke recognition.

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Sarah Mitchell covers the legal vocabulary of nursing practice: the Nurse Practice Act and state board, the four elements of malpractice, and the five intentional torts with bedside examples. She explains Good Samaritan protection, why incident reports stay out of the chart, the rules of defensible documentation, read-back for telephone orders, refusing unsafe orders, and the duty to report an impaired colleague, then works a morphine overdose and a refused injection scenario.

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Sarah Mitchell maps the five auscultation landmarks, explains S1 and S2, and teaches the S3 Kentucky gallop of fluid overload versus the S4 Tennessee gallop of a stiff ventricle. She covers pulse grading and Doppler, edema grading one plus to four plus, jugular venous distension at 45 degrees, hepatojugular reflux, arterial versus venous insufficiency with positioning rules, chest pain differentiation, pediatric and older adult variations, and CVP and arterial line basics.

Lesson 80 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell teaches respiratory assessment from the doorway inward, rate, effort, retractions, tripod position, barrel chest, and the Cheyne-Stokes, Kussmaul, and Biot patterns. She distinguishes fine and coarse crackles, wheezes, rhonchi, stridor, and friction rub, explains dull versus hyperresonant percussion and tactile fremitus, names the early signs of hypoxia, decodes sputum colors, covers peak flow zones and incentive spirometry, and flags tracheal deviation as a late sign of tension pneumothorax.

Lesson 81 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell speaks the lab table so it sticks. She walks through the complete blood count with the absolute neutrophil count, the chemistry panel led by potassium, magnesium, and calcium, BUN, creatinine, and GFR, liver enzymes, albumin, and ammonia, PT, INR, and aPTT with their warfarin and heparin targets, troponin, CK-MB, BNP, lipids, and A1c, urinalysis and the 30 milliliter per hour output floor, digoxin, lithium, phenytoin, and theophylline levels, and the nursing first action for each critical value, with a postoperative potassium scenario and a heparin drip scenario.

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Sarah Mitchell gives a four-step blood gas method built on ROME, respiratory opposite, metabolic equal. She covers the normal ranges, the causes, signs, and nursing actions for respiratory and metabolic acidosis and alkalosis, how to read uncompensated, partially compensated, and fully compensated gases, the Allen test and radial puncture care, and then works five practice gases aloud, including an opioid hypoventilation scenario and a DKA scenario.

Lesson 76 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell teaches a five question method for reading any ECG strip, the normal PR and QRS intervals, and the six second rate count. She walks through sinus rhythms, atrial fibrillation and flutter, SVT with vagal maneuvers and adenosine, the three degrees of heart block, PVCs, and the four lethal rhythms, ending with cardioversion versus defibrillation, pacemaker teaching, and two worked scenarios.

Lesson 77 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell walks through the head-to-toe assessment in exam order, inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation, and the abdominal exception where the nurse listens before touching. She covers skin color and turgor, capillary refill under three seconds, lymph nodes, thyroid, trachea, one carotid at a time, PERRLA, the whisper test, otoscope technique, the five heart landmarks, quadrants, pulse and edema grading, documentation, and pediatric and older adult modifications.

Lesson 78 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell covers feeding patients who cannot eat: running TPN through a dedicated central lumen with a filter and 24-hour bag changes, hanging D10W if a bag runs out, glucose checks every four to six hours, refeeding syndrome, and lipid precautions. She then walks through feeding tube verification by X-ray and pH, head-of-bed and flushing rules, hang times, aspiration, clogging, dumping syndrome, and giving medications such as phenytoin through a tube.

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Sarah Mitchell matches each antihypertensive class to its signature harm: ACE inhibitor cough, angioedema, and hyperkalemia with ARBs as the switch; beta blocker holding parameters and masked hypoglycemia; amlodipine edema and diltiazem rate control. She sorts the three diuretic families by their potassium effect, covers clonidine, hydralazine, nitroprusside, and alpha blockers, and teaches orthostatic precautions, daily weights, and which drug fits diabetes, heart failure, and pregnancy.

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Sarah Mitchell covers the narrow-margin cardiac drugs: digoxin's one-minute apical pulse, hold parameters, 0.5 to 2.0 therapeutic range, toxicity picture, the hypokalemia link, and digoxin immune fab. She then works through amiodarone's organ toxicities, adenosine push technique, lidocaine, atropine, sublingual and patch nitroglycerin teaching including the sildenafil rule, statin timing and rhabdomyolysis, ranolazine, ivabradine, and what dopamine, dobutamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and vasopressin each do at the bedside.

Lesson 64 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell drills the numbers and antidotes the exam repeats: heparin by aPTT at 1.5 to 2.5 times control with protamine as the antidote and HIT as the trap, enoxaparin technique, warfarin by INR of 2 to 3 with vitamin K and days to onset, and the DOACs with idarucizumab and andexanet. She then covers aspirin, clopidogrel, and ticagrelor before surgery, alteplase windows and contraindications, bleeding precautions, and perioperative bridging.

Lesson 65 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell walks through the anti-infective families by their signature warnings: penicillin and cephalosporin cross-sensitivity, culture before the first dose, aminoglycoside and vancomycin kidney and ear toxicity with peak and trough timing, fluoroquinolone tendon rupture, tetracycline teeth staining, metronidazole and alcohol, and clindamycin and C. difficile. She covers the four TB drugs, acyclovir, oseltamivir, HIV adherence, amphotericin B, nystatin, and superinfection, with scenarios on gentamicin toxicity and an Achilles rupture on levofloxacin.

Lesson 70 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell pairs every psychotropic class with the emergency it can cause: serotonin syndrome and discontinuation syndrome with SSRIs, tyramine crisis with MAOIs, cardiotoxic overdose with tricyclics, the lithium toxicity ladder from coarse tremor to seizures, and extrapyramidal symptoms, tardive dyskinesia, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome with antipsychotics. She also covers clozapine neutropenia, benzodiazepine withdrawal, buspirone, ADHD stimulants, and the one warning for each mood stabilizer, with scenarios on lithium toxicity and NMS.

Lesson 71 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell covers two high-yield drug groups in one lesson. She works through phenytoin's 10 to 20 range and saline-only slow IV rule, the toxicities of carbamazepine, valproate, and lamotrigine, levodopa-carbidopa timing around protein and B6, and pyridostigmine with the cholinergic versus myasthenic crisis distinction. She then runs through PPIs, sucralfate, misoprostol, antiemetics, laxatives, antidiarrheals, pancrelipase, and lactulose, with a cholinergic crisis scenario and an IV phenytoin preparation scenario.

Lesson 72 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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Sarah Mitchell teaches the drugs where a technique error kills. She covers potassium chloride rules (never IV push, 10 milliequivalents per hour peripherally, urine output first), magnesium sulfate monitoring with calcium gluconate as the antidote, calcium chloride versus gluconate, hypertonic saline and osmotic demyelination, the DKA insulin drip sequence, code cart doses for epinephrine, atropine, amiodarone, adenosine, and pressors, the full antidote list, and independent double checks, with a potassium-and-oliguria scenario and a magnesium toxicity scenario.

Lesson 73 of 125 in the NCLEX-RN Complete Prep Course audio course from ExamPrepRise.

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