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Episode Norovirus

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Paper for next week:

Tarnutzer, Alexander Andrea, Hassen Kerkeni, Suzie Diener, Roger Kalla, Claudia Candreia, Renato Piantanida, Raphaël Maire, et al. 2025. "Diagnosis and Treatment of Vertigo and Dizziness: Int...

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Episode 87 Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: A Lonely Reunion Love Thy Hero by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Paper for next week:

Tarnutzer, Alexander Andrea, Hassen Kerkeni, Suzie Diener, Roger Kalla, Claudia Candreia, Renato Piantanida, Raphaël Maire, et al. 2025. "Diagnosis and Tre...

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Episode 86 Parkinson's Disease

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Heartbeat of the Universe by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Paper for next week:

Chang, Min Cheol, and Seoyon Yang. "Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Essentials: A Narrative Review." Annals of Palliative Medicine 12, no. 2 (March 2023): 390–98.

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Episode 85 Multiple Sclerosis

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Memories in Motion by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Paper for next week:

Sophie Waller et al., "The Initial Diagnosis and Management of Parkinson’s Disease," Australian Journal of General Practice 50, no. 11 (November 2021): 793.

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Episode 84 Epilepsy

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Urban Starscape by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

International Leage for Epilepsy.  https://www.ilae.org 

 Paper for next week:

Montague, Turlough, James Drummond, Karl Ng, and John Parratt. "Advancements in Multiple Sclerosis." Internal Medicine Journal 55, no. 7...

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Episode 83 Tension Headaches

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Push it to the Extreme by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Paper for next week:

Ahmed, Abdullah, Abdul-Habib Rahman, Shimul Williams, Mubeen Toufiq, Eyad Jamileh, Sheema Chaudhry, Khadijah Ahmed, and Munir Ahmed. 2024. “Seizures and Epilepsy: An Overview for...

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Episode 82 Migraines

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Time for Two by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Answers for Episode 81  Schizophrenia

Question 1

A 28-year-old man with schizophrenia continues to have difficulty maintaining employment despite adequate control of hallucinations and delusions on antipsychotic medication. Which of...

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Episode 81.1  Marijuana and Psychosis

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Intro/Outro: Night Detective by Amaksi

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons for non-Commercial Educational use only.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Paper referenced:

Pourebrahim S, Ahmad T, Rottmann E, Schulze J, Scheller B. Does Cannabis Use Contribute to Schizophrenia? A Causation Analysis Based on Epidemiological Evidence. Biomolecules. 2025 Mar 4;15(3):368. doi: 10.3390/biom15030368. PMID: 40149904; PMCID: PMC11940535.

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Episode 81 Schizophrenia

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Big Guy by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Answers for Episode 80  Dementia

Question 1

A 74-year-old man presents with gradually worsening memory loss over 5 years. Brain autopsy later reveals extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. Further ana...

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Episode 80 Dementia

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Inspired to Begin by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

 Answers for Episode 79  Substance Use Disorder

 Question 1

A 32-year-old man presents with agitation, tachycardia, and euphoria after using a recreational drug. Laboratory studies show elevated extracellular dopamine level...

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Episode 79 Substance Use Disorder

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 Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Heroic by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Answers for Episode 78 ADHD

Question 1

A 68-year-old man presents with complaints of lifelong difficulty staying organized, managing finances, and completing tasks. He reports that these iss...

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Episode 78 ADHD

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: When Our Eyes Met by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Answers for Episode 77 Insomnia

Question 1

A 52-year-old woman presents with a 6-month history of difficulty falling asleep and frequent nighttime awakenings. She reports fatigue and poor co...

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Episode 77 Insomnia

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Code of Reality by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Answers for Episode 76 PTSD

Question 1

A 32-year-old patient presents to a primary care clinic 4 months after witnessing a fatal motor vehicle collision. The patient reports recurrent intrusive me...

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Episode 76 PTSD

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Keep it Moving by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use. 

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Answers for Episode 75 Bipolar Disorder 

Question 1

A 22-year-old college student presents to a primary care clinic with a 3-month history of depressed mood, hypersomnia, low ener...

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Episode 75 Bipolar Disorder

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Endless Highway by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Answers for Episode 74 Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Question 1

A 32-year-old woman presents to a primary care clinic because she has been “worrying all the time” for the pa...

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Episode 74 Generalized Anxiety Disorder

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Blues Rock by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

 Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

 Answers for Episode 73 Depression

Question 1 

A 34‑year‑old woman with major depressive disorder has persistent depressed mood, anhedonia, poor sleep, and impaired concentration. She completed...

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Episode 73 Depression

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Path to Bright by Alex Grohl 

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Answers for Episode 72 Rosacea 

QUESTION 1 

A 44-year-old woman presents to an outpatient clinic for recurrent facial “flare-ups” for the past 18 months. She reports episodes triggered by exercise and hot be...

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Episode 72 Rosacea

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Heartwide by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Answers for Episode 71 Squamous Cell Carcinoma 

Question 1 

A 68‑year‑old patient presents to a family medicine clinic with a scaly, tender, hyperkeratotic plaque on the helix of the ear that has...

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Episode 71 Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Fragile Beauty by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Answers for Episode 70 Basal Cell Carcinoma 

Question 1 

A 72-year-old patient presents with a 0.8-cm pearly papule with telangiectasias on the nasal ala that intermittently bleeds. A shav...

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Episode 70 Basal Cell Carcinoma

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 Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Rock Got That Heat This Action by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

EADO Staging reference: https://www.ejcancer.com/article/S0959-8049%2823%2900356-8/fulltext

Answers for Episode 69 Melanoma 

Question 1: Pathology and Prognosis

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Episode 69 Melanoma

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Time for Two by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Answers for Episode 68.1 Fungal Skin Infections

Question 1

A 34‑year‑old man presents with a 6‑month history of pruritic, annular plaques on the groin and inner thighs...

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Episode 68.1 Fungal Skin Infections

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 Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Motivational by Alex Grohl

 Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

 Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Answers for Episode 68 Impetigo and Staph Scalded Skin Syndrome

Question 1

A 3 year old child presents with fever, irritability, and widespread tender erythematous patches that rapidly evolve into fragi...

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Episode 68 Impetigo and Staph Scalded Skin Syndrome

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Got That Heat by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

 Answers for Episode 67 Urticaria

Q1. Diagnosis — hairdresser with immediate wheals

A 28‑year‑old hairdresser develops intensely pruritic wheals on her hands and forearms...

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Episode 67 Urticaria

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Pure Energy by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Answers for Episode 66  Contact Dermatitis

Question 1

A 34‑year‑old hairdresser reports intensely pruritic, erythematous, and edematous lesions with vesiculation at the dorsal hands that begin within a few h...

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Episode 66 Contact Dermatitis

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Sport Rock by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Answers for Episode 65  Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)

Question 1 — Systemic Therapy Selection

A 32‑year‑old woman with moderate‑to‑severe atopic eczema has failed optimized topical corticosteroids, topical calci...

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Episode 65.1  Ibogaine and Executive Order 

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Intro/Outro: Night Detective by Amaksi

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons for non-Commercial Educational use only.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Papers referenced

Mosca, Alessio, Stefania Chiappini, Andrea Miuli, Gianluca Mancusi, Maria Chiara Santovito, Francesco Di Carlo, Mauro Pettorruso, John M. Corkery, Carlos Canessa, Giovanni Martinotti, and Massimo Di Giannantonio. “Ibogaine/Noribogaine in the Treatment of Substa...

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Episode 65 Atopic Dermatitis

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Christmas by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

 Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

 Answers for Episode 64 Psoriasis

 Question 1 — Psoriasis Comorbidities and Early Detection

A 36‑year‑old man with a 10‑year history of chronic plaque psoriasis presents for evaluation. He reports new-onset morning stiff...

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Episode 64 Psorasis

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Intro Music: KI Instrumental (Rock Celtic) by Lyrium-2025

Outro Music: Ambient Tension by Alex Grohl

Courtesy of Pixabay under Creative Commons non-commercial use.

Produced by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS 

Edited by: Todd Fredricks DO MSS

Answers for Episode 63 AcneQuestion 1

A 17‑year‑old adolescent presents with moderate inflammatory acne on the face and back. Microbiome analysis of her lesions shows decreased alpha divers...