Bench Boost by Inorganic Ventures

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This week on Bench Boost Mike explains two key ICP-OES/ICP-MS quality control samples: the Initial Calibration Verification (ICV) and Continuing Calibration Verification (CCV). The ICV is run after calibration and before samples to confirm the calibration worked. The CCV is run periodically during the batch to confirm the calibration remains valid as drift, clogging, cone buildup, washout, or other issues occur. This episode concludes with reviewing how to troubleshoot ICV or CCV failures. 

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This week Mike discusses elevated backgrounds in ICP-OES when analyzing high total dissolved solids (TDS) samples such as brines, digests, excipients, salts, and starting materials. TDS increases free electron density in the plasma, producing Bremsstrahlung (braking) radiation and recombination radiation, which raise a broad continuum background across the spectrum. The elevated background degrades signal-to-noise, increases blank standard deviation, and worsens detection limits, especially for elements with poor ICP-OES sensitivity. Mitigation approaches include dilution, matrix-matched calibration or standard additions when dilution isn’t feasible.

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Join Mike this week on Bench Boost as he explores the basics of conductivity measurements. We review the theory of how conductivity is dependent on ion concentration, charge, and mobility. He describes how contact probes work, emphasizing the cell constant and how proper probe selection to avoid poor sensitivity or signal saturation. Temperature is highlighted as a major variable, often ~2–3% per °C. Lastly we cover calibration using NIST-traceable KCl standards, and how calibrating near the sample range and controlling errors can lead to accurate and reliable data.

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This week on Bench Boost we discuss titration techniques based on USP 541 and the Inorganic Venture's Titration Tips and Tricks guide. Mike explains the difference between equivalence point and observed endpoint and how key performance factors can include using the correct glassware, appropriate techniques, and thorough cleaning of burettes. We also cover the correct way to read a meniscus, and how optimizing sample size can prevent poor replicate agreement and high result variability.

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This week on Bench Boost Mike explains why accurate pH measurement is more complex than it appears, highlighting the effects from temperature, ionic strength, calibration technique, probe condition, and sample chemistry. He reviews pH theory of hydrogen ion activity (not just concentration) and the logarithmic meaning of pH changes, then describes how a pH probe functions as an electrochemical cell. He details temperature impacts on solution pH and electrode response (Nernst slope), notes automatic temperature compensation limits, summarizes USP calibration buffers and allowable uncertainty.

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This week on Bench Boost Mike shares practical tips for analyzing pharmaceutical samples at low concentrations for USP 232 elemental impurities, emphasizing that high dilution makes small contamination or carryover issues critical. He advises minimizing contamination through careful container selection (avoiding glass and using acid-leached LDPE or leached polypropylene), and outlines a typical leaching process using dilute nitric acid for seven days. He also stresses using high-purity acids (ppb/ppt grade) and method blanks to monitor impurities. For trace measurements, he recommends tightening calibration ranges with more points near the LOD/LOQ, managing washout...

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This week Mike and Ashley explain the J value used in pharmaceutical elemental impurity testing to relate typical ICP concentration units to permitted daily exposure (PDE) limits reported in micrograms per day under USP and ICH Q3D. They describe how J value accounts for both sample dilution factor and maximum daily dose, making results comparable to PDE requirements. They recommend preparing method standards at PDE limits for the relevant administration route and diluting to match the J calculation for method validation.

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This week Mike & Ashley review the standardized methods for elemental impurity analysis in pharmaceuticals: ICH Q3D, USP , and USP . ICH Q3D provides guidelines for testing up to 24 elements and emphasizes risk assessment but not detailed testing calculations; USP sets elemental impurity limits; and USP addresses sample preparation and analysis and relies on ICH Q3D concepts such as “J” concentrations (to be covered next week). They explain risk assessment factors (element, route of administration, intentional addition, and screened materials) and outline element classes. They also discuss sample types (APIs, drug products, exci...

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The Inorganic Ventures team members answer more listener questions relevant to trace analysis. They address low mercury recovery at 2 ppb, noting mercury instability in nitric acid, adsorption to plastic, options such as preparing in HCl or stabilizing with ~1 ppm gold. They explain detection limit calculations using calibration data and blank replicates & distinguish instrument vs method detection limits, with suggestions to improve precision and sensitivity via conditions and sample introduction components. For heavy metals in blood studies, they warn of vacutainer/polypropylene contamination and recommend vessel leaching or vessel blank studies. Finally, they describe...

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The Inorganic Ventures team answers listener questions focused on pharmaceutical elemental impurity analysis by ICP-MS. They explain why an indium internal standard becomes unstable in high-pH matrices due to insoluble hydroxide formation and how EDTA complexation can stabilize indium when used for iodine analysis. They discuss mercury washout problems caused by volatility, adsorption to sample introduction surfaces, memory effects, and redox/speciation, and emphasize proper rinse sequencing and the roles of chloride-based rinses and specialty solutions like ICP True Rinse to prevent carryover and failed QC checks. They address poor gold recovery during...

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This week on Bench Boost Mike, Autumn, Micah, and Josh discuss common ICP-OES/ICP-MS issues in mining analyses and how to troubleshoot them by separating sample-prep from instrument root causes. Key sample-prep problems include incomplete digestion of refractory minerals, loss of volatile analytes, spitting, and adsorption/instability during transfers. They review contamination before jumping into issues borne from instrument assays; covering the topics of matrix effects from high TDS & mitigation via dilution, internal standards, matrix matching, and more. They also note how physical effects will impact nebulization or transport efficiency. QC pitfalls with...

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This week on Bench Boost Mike, Autumn, and Thomas dive deep into validation procedures for ICP-OES and ICP-MS methods. They discuss the importance of planning validation parameters early, understanding sample matrices & analyte levels, and achieving complete dissolution via appropriate digestions. They review the seven key validation parameters of accuracy, precision, detection limits, linearity, selectivity, robustness, and stability. They also outline best quality control practices including analyzing blanks, CCVs, duplicates, spikes, and implementing control charts.

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This week on Bench Boost the team from Inorganic Ventures discusses avoiding precipitation during sample preparation. They review mining sample challenges including high concentrations of Ca, Fe, Al, & silicates, sulfate-rich matrices forming insoluble sulfates, and rare earth elements requiring a more acidic matrix. Thomas explains how hydrolysis leads to insoluble metal hydroxides and reviews prevention strategies. Liv outlines how to use Ksp and how temperature effects compound solubility. Lastly, Autumn covers alternative ligands, such as EDTA, for higher pH stability.

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This week on Bench Boost on team spotlights mining analysis challenges on ICP-MS due to high total dissolved solids, aggressive digestions, and low-ppb targets requiring interference control. They review ICP-MS interference types, giving examples such as ArO on Fe, and ArCl on As. The team explains how collision cell (helium KED) is used to reduce polyatomics and how reaction cell gases are used for mass-shifting analytes or interferences. Finally, they discuss triple-quad ICP-MS principles for stronger mitigation and share method-planning tips: isotope tables, chloride/oxide checks, survey scans, dilution/argon dilution for TDS...

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This week on Bench Boost our team reviews special considerations for measuring lithium by ICP-OES and ICP-MS. They discuss common lithium sample types and preparation guidance. Autumn emphasizes the impact of high total dissolved solids (TDS) and easily ionizable elements (EIEs) causing plasma ionization-balance shifts and signal suppression for some sample types. Additional tips include selecting appropriate internal standards, choosing suitable emission lines, and avoiding error propagation during large dilutions. 

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In this episode of Bench Boost our team revisits method detection limits (MDLs) with a focus on why mining applications often produce higher MDLs than expected. Autumn contrasts instrument detection limits with method detection limits, which reflect real sample matrices, interferences, and method variability. Liv explains mining-specific drivers of elevated MDLs, including aggressive sample preparation and impacts from dilution and high total dissolved solids. Mike closes the episode this week by discussing practical ways to improve MDLs.

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In this episode of Bench Boost, Mike, Autumn, and Thomas discuss the differences between axial and radial views when using ICP-OES instruments. The focus is on how each view will impact precision, sensitivity, detection limits, and more. Our team compares which view is more prone to background interferences and which better handles complex samples with high concentrations of total dissolved solids. The episode also covers the challenges of analyzing mining samples including common matrix effects and spectral interferences, and provides guidance on when to use each view for optimal accuracy.

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In this episode of Bench Boost our team focuses the discussion on metal cyanide chemistry. The discussion revolves around how cyanide leaching is used in mining for extracting precious metals like gold and silver. Challenges and considerations for ICP analysis, including matrix matching, are highlighted, along with a brief review of safety protocols for handling cyanide. The episode details Inorganic Ventures' expertise in manufacturing customized and stable standards to ensure accurate elemental analysis for these challenging cyanide matrices.

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In this episode of Bench Boost, our team reviews the challenges and solutions related to measuring Platinum Group Metals (PGMs) using ICP Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). We discuss issues like signal stabilization, sample preparation, and washout problems. They provide practical tips such as the importance of proper sample preparation, ensuring the correct use and aging of Aqua Regia, managing signal stabilization through appropriate tubing and rinse solutions, and effective strategies for washing out platinum group metals. The episode highlights how these metals, due to their unique properties, often require specialized techniques for accurate analysis.<...

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In this episode of Bench Boost our team discuss the intricacies of digesting and analyzing rare earth element ore samples. This week we cover challenges such as complex spectra, reaction chemistry, and the need for careful sample preparation. Different methods like fusion and acid digestion are explored for effectively getting rare earth elements into solution. The podcast also delves into instrumentation challenges using ICP-OES and ICP-MS, as well as the importance of calibration standards and matrix matching.

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In this episode of Bench Boost our team compares the differences between ICP-OES and ICP-MS and their applications in the mining industry. They share insights on when to choose one technique over the other based on factors like detection limits, sample concentration, matrix effects, and throughput needs. ICP-OES is recommended for higher concentrations and robust applications, while ICP-MS excels in trace element analysis. They also advise on sample preparation and the benefits of using both techniques for accurate results. 

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This week on Bench Boost our team discusses the importance of custom certified reference materials (CRMs) in precision elemental analysis, particularly in the mining industry. This episode features a continuation of the previous week's discussion on matrix match standards, focusing on the benefits of using custom CRMs. Thomas, Ashley, Liv, and Mike explain how custom CRMs improve accuracy, efficiency, and reduce errors in analytical labs.

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In this episode of Bench Boost our team discusses the importance of matrix matching standards to samples in the mining industry. They explore the benefits and applications of using stock single element, and multi-element CRMs for accurate precision elemental analysis. The team delves into the challenges of matrix mismatches, particularly in complex, high-concentration acid and total dissolved solids samples, and offer practical tips for designing effective working standards. They highlight the advantages of using stock and custom standards, emphasizing the need for accurate standard preparation and proper matrix matching to ensure reliable results.<...

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The week our team recaps the “Back to Basics” series on Bench Boost. They discuss topics covered in previous episodes, including pipetting, instrumentation, calibration standards, stability, solubility, lab math, detection limits, and plasma fundamentals. Liv highlights the importance of proper sample preparation and pipetting techniques. Thomas explains the selection of appropriate instrumentation like AA, ICP-OES, and ICP-MS, and the necessity of instrument tuning, calibration, and performance checks. Autumn revisits essential lab math formulas and the principles of plasma in elemental analysis. The chemists emphasize that understanding the entire analytical workflow is crucial for obta...

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In this episode of Bench Boost, our team discusses the versatility and utility of 3D printers in the lab. They delve into the various uses of 3D printing, such as fabricating custom parts, prototyping solutions, and creating unique lab tools. The team explains the two main types of 3D printers (FDM and SLA) and the materials they use. They share practical examples of how 3D printing has solved specific problems in their lab, like creating custom auto-sampler racks and holders. Additionally, they discuss the potential drawbacks and limitations, focusing on material compatibility and...

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In this episode of Bench Boost, Ashley, Liv, and Mike delve into the fundamentals of how the plasma functions in ICP-OES and ICP-MS instruments. They explain the process of plasma interaction with sample aerosols, covering steps from desolvation to ionization. The discussion also includes the structure of plasma, its temperature variations, and how it can be manipulated by adjusting gas flow and RF power. They highlight the importance of ionization buffers and the differences between axial and radial viewing. The team concludes this week with an overview of cool plasma techniques in ICP-MS...

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In this episode of Bench Boost, our team answers various listener questions on topics such as the use of Unisolv reagents for rare earth element analysis, best practices for replacing leaching solutions, digestion protocols for iron in rabbit brain tissue, interferences in Indium analysis by ICP-OES, and safe analysis of samples prepared with HF. The discussion provides practical advice and technical insights into digestion processes, sample contamination, and equipment compatibility with HF.

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In this episode of Bench Boost, our team discusses detection limits. They cover the differences between instrument detection limits and method detection limits, detailing how each is calculated and the importance of optimizing conditions to achieve the lowest possible detection limits. The discussion includes practical tips for enhancing detection limits through sensitivity adjustments, stable measurements, and proper sample preparation. The need for periodic reevaluation of detection limits to maintain accuracy as instruments age and methods change is also highlighted.

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In this episode of Bench Boost Mike, Ashley, Autumn Phillips, and Liv discuss food testing procedures for trace metals with a focus on Thanksgiving, talking how to best analyze turkey brine. They cover various technical considerations, including dilution factors, contamination avoidance, and proper sample preparation techniques for accurate measurement. Specific methods recommended by the FDA, such as EAM 4.4 and 4.7 for multi-element analysis using ICP-OES and ICP Mass Spec, are discussed in detail. The episode includes practical tips like using high-purity water and acids to prevent contamination, running method blanks, and employing matrix matched...

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In this episode of Bench Boost, Mike, Ashley, Autumn, and Liv discuss fundamental laboratory math. They cover essential formulas used in elemental analysis, including the C1V1=C2V2 formula for preparing solution standards, calculating dilution factors, and performing serial dilutions. They also explain percent recovery as a method accuracy check and contrast the units of PPM and PPB. The discussion includes molarity, its importance in chemistry experiments, and how to convert concentration units for accurate solution preparation. The episode aims to clarify common mathematical concepts used in lab settings and provide guidance...

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In this Back-to-Basics episode, Mike is joined by Support Chemist Ashley Jones, R&D Chemist Autumn Phillips, and Stock Production Manager Thomas Kozikowski to break down the fundamentals of solubility—how much of a compound can dissolve, what happens when stable solutions suddenly form solids, and how to predict and prevent precipitation in analytical work. Using examples like calcium carbonate, the team walks through concepts like Ksp, ion products, the common-ion effect, and Le Châtelier’s Principle, showing how factors like pH, compl...

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In this special episode, Mike is joined by Technical Support Chemist Ashley Jones, R&D Chemist Autumn Phillips, and Production Manager Thomas Kozikowski to recap Inorganic Ventures’ 10th Annual ICP Conference. Held at IV’s headquarters in October, the event brought together scientists, partners, and guests for three days of presentations, hands-on labs, and collaboration. The team reflects on standout sessions covering topics like microwave digestion, ICP instrument maintenance, calibration curves, internal standards, and trace metals analysis, as well as the hands-on demos and lab tours that made this year’s confer...

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In this episode, Mike is joined by Support Chemist Ashley Jones and Stock Production Manager Thomas Kozikowski to tackle listener-submitted questions from the lab. First, they unpack whether a standard additions curve from one sample can be applied to others—exploring when it’s valid, what risks come with instrument drift, and why true matrix matching matters. Then, they take on a tough scenario: how to handle high-throughput analysis of true unknown mineral samples using ICP-OES and ICP-MS. From digestion techniques and fusion methods to internal standard selection, interference mana...

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In this episode of our Back-to-Basics series, we explore solution stability — why metals sometimes fall out of solution and how to prevent it. Joined by Support Chemist Ashley Jones and Stock Production Manager Thomas Kozikowski, Mike breaks down the chemistry behind hydrolysis, charge density, and how acid strength and complexing agents like chloride and fluoride can stabilize your standards. The team also revisits Le Chatelier’s Principle, showing how equilibrium shifts can be used to keep metals dissolved and prevent unwanted precipitates.

Whether you’re troubleshooting cloudy standa...

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In this episode, we tackle real-world technical support questions submitted by listeners. Joined by R&D Chemists Liv Forbes & Autumn Phillips and Tech Support Chemist Ashley Jones, we explore three unique challenges:

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In this episode of our Back to Basics series, we explore the critical role of tuning solutions, check solutions, and calibration standards in ICP-OES and ICP-MS. Joined by R&D Chemists Liv Forbes & Autumn Phillips and Tech Support Chemist Ashley Jones, we break down why proper calibration and routine checks are essential to maintaining instrument performance and ensuring accurate, reliable data. From wavelength and mass calibration to tuning for sensitivity and minimizing interferences, to building stable, well-matched calibration standards—this conversation covers the practices that keep your results trustworthy.

Wh...

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In this episode, part of our Back to Basics series, we dive into three of the most widely used elemental analysis techniques: Atomic Absorption (AA), ICP-OES, and ICP-MS. Joined by R&D Chemists Liv Forbes & Autumn Phillips and Tech Support Chemist Ashley Jones, we break down how each method works, where they excel, and the challenges that come with them. From AA’s simplicity and cost-effectiveness, to the multi-element strength of ICP-OES, to the ultra-trace detection power of ICP-MS, we cover the pros, cons, and practical considerations for each technique.

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This week we’re celebrating a huge milestone—our 100th episode! To mark the occasion, we’re kicking off a brand-new Back to Basics series with a focus on pipetting—the foundation of accurate lab work. Joined by R&D Chemists Liv Forbes & Autumn Phillips and Tech Support Chemist Ashley Jones, we break down common pipetting errors, compare manual vs. electronic pipettors, and share essential tips for mastering technique. From pre-wetting tips to proper immersion depth, pipette angle, and the importance of blow-out, we cover the small details that make a big diff...

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In this episode of Bench Boost, host Mike Booth is joined by R&D Chemists Liv Forbes and Madeline Gozzi to answer technical support questions straight from graduate students in the lab. From tackling the stubborn insolubility of silver chloride to mastering rapid zeolite digestion with the UniSolv method, the team breaks down the chemistry and offers practical, lab-ready solutions.

Key topics include:

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In this episode of Bench Boost, host Mike Booth is joined by R&D Chemists Liv Forbes and Madeline Gozzi to unpack two common technical support questions. From concerns about the radioactivity of uranium and thorium standards to troubleshooting unstable tin recoveries in food analysis, the team shares practical solutions and clear explanations you can bring back to your lab.

Key topics include: