The Story of London

On April 30th, 1517 a meeting between an Italian diplomat and the King of England takes place in Richmond Palace. This starts a sequence of events that sees London that night suddenly plunged into a cauldron of violence- a mob of young men rampage from one end of the city to another. And yet… no one is killed. The damage is slight. The riot is over as quickly as it began.

But what comes after that, starting the following dawn, is one of the more horrific events in London’s history; something so traumatic, it is felt a gene...

May. 1517. London is rocked by a riot directed towards the foreigners living within its walls, an orgy of violence forever known as the ‘Evil May Day’. But just how bad were these riots? Were they as savage as the authorities made them out to be… or is the memory of them influenced by the response of a capricious and vengeful king?

The Story of London examines the background and events of this event to try and work out why the city found itself plunged into a sea of violence that summer, most of it done by men in uni...

Henry VIII began his new reign with a desire to earn glory in war- and plunged the nation headlong into an unexpected and large scale war with France, all seemingly driven by his fiery passion to show his prowess in battle. But around him, much was happening. To the north, the rules of naval conflict were changing forever, to the south, his Father-In-Law was showing how untrustworthy he was; across Europe the fortunes of nations rose and fell dependant upon politics, and here in London? We see a city continuing old traditions of faith, leading protests against the war...

Continuing the fascinating tale of the early lives of two of London’s most infamous residents of the time- Thomas More and Thomas Cromwell. Picking up with More a trainee barrister in Lincolns Inn, with a growing academic reputation, and Cromwell being a soldier in a French army invading Italy, we follow the two men as they ride the waves of passion of the age, and complete their journeys to bring them to the centre of their story… the city of London.

Cover features ‘Portrait of a man in a red cap’ by Titian (c.1510)

We take a pause in our narrative to go back a few years to look at the childhoods, and backgrounds of two men from London- both called Thomas, both growing up in and around London (even if their experiences were very different) and both would go onto have huge impacts into the story of the city and the politics of Henry VIII.

This then is the story of Thomas More, and Thomas Cromwell, whose stories were to illuminate life in the city; its passions, its shadows, the smallness of it all, and also how experiencing it could...

The opening years of the reign of Henry VIII were quite paradoxical; for a king who would become known as a radical, a man who changed the nation so completely as he did, the first years of his reign represented something else- a return to more traditional ways of doing things. This week we examine why London would have felt that especially so, while also covering the first major policy decision of the young kings long reign- why he suddenly decided to marry Catherine of Aragon, when by all accounts he was under no obligation to do so.

Henry VII was dying… but as the first Tudor monarch slowly drifted towards death, in London the city was stilled gripped by the terrible regime of his loyal lapdog, Edmund Dudley. As the kings health began to decline, the arrests continued, the terror remained, but around him, various figures, from the desperate Catherine of Aragon, to the kings elderly but wise mother, began to sense the growing anger towards the regime, and made careful moves to make sure the correct scapegoats were prepared.

This week we follow the incredible transformation of young prince Henry, the in...

In the second part of ‘The Spanish Gambit’ we start to draw together the diverse threads of this story- Henry VII’s changing foreign policy ambitions, the ambitions of the Hapsburgs, the desperation of Catherine of Aragon, the Pope’s fury at the Alum smuggling network, the power of the Italians in the capital and above all… Edmund Dudley’s onslaught against London itself. With elections being nullified, innocent men and women being locked up for no good reason, with a cohort of some of the seediest criminals now seemingly dominating everyone from the mayor down, the city was plunged into...

Towards the end of his reign, Henry VII really came into his own; he stood as a giant on the European stage, a player in THE most dynamic and profound change in European politics in decades, poised to strike down his enemies and ensure his dynasty was cemented into the high seat of European politics… but how did he do it?

What follows is the opening part of a story involving corrupt popes, holy cartels, dodgy Italians living in London, dubious Spaniards, an eager but devout heir to the throne, and one of the most lucrative smuggling op...

In the dying years of the reign of Henry VII, some big changes happened, which London witnessed and had to cope with. This weeks chapter covers quite a lot- what happened to Catherine of Aragon when she was staying in London after her first husband died? How the city witnessed the growing power (and occasional ineptitude) of Henry VII’s spy networks? Why Catherine of Aragon and Prince Henry ended up getting engaged down on Fleet Street? What caused the King to briefly shut down the sex trade in the city? And how a London based lawyer, living near th...

The five years at the start of the 16th century are often overlooked, but contain elements in the city’s story that cannot be ignored- new rituals that last to this very day, new buildings and palaces that still stand, an epoch defining shift in the politics of London, and two royal deaths… an period defined by a river of light on a dark February afternoon.

Welcome as the story completes the tale of a small man we first met seven chapters ago, and how unexpectedly the very future of the Tudor dynasty was briefly in the bala...

We return to the Story of London was a telling of the marriage celebrations of Catherine of Aragon and Arthur, Prince of Wales. The most glorious, elaborate, and expensive ever held during the reign of King Henry VII… and the most majestic celebration London had ever seen. An episode filled with pageantry, pomp, ornate theatrical street shows, wild jousts, and a man made mountain on wheels! Welcome to the explosion of the Volcano of love…

Cover features an adjusted portrait of Catherine of Aragon by Michiel Sittow.

The Story of London takes a brief break from the usual narrative, to examine the sudden spate of cross-dressing women who appeared in the records of the early Tudor London courts. Who were these women who dressed as men? Why did they do this? What insights does it give us into the mindset (and the sex lives) of London and Londoners?

A fascinating slice of Tudor London’s life…

Cover art includes a section of ‘Portrait of a boy’ by Piero di Cosimo, painted sometime in the 1490’s.

In 1497 a veritable army of about 15,000 men from Cornwall turned up in south London, intent on bringing violence to the City. What follows is a grand tale of the queen deliberately remaining in the city, the Aldermen arming themselves to the teeth, and the campaign that followed.

Along with this we examine three years where the King’s health took a sudden turn, the career of Perkin Warbeck came to a bloody end, trade CONTINUED to be a complicated mess for London’s merchants, and much more. From decaying public landmarks, to royal palaces burning to the grou...

The events and odd circumstances regarding the strange royal pretender to the throne of England, Perkin Warbeck, are often overlooked, and dismissed, rightfully, as a minor footnote in the grand saga of the Tudor dynasty. However at the time, it reveals a regime in crisis- a crisis that was to force London to have a front row seat, and which started many themes that are going to repeat themselves in the cities story to come… the rise of the use of spies, Tudor entanglement in Ireland, complicated trade situations and above all, the Tudors using their family for political pu...

In 1493 a young german found himself involved in what was a seemingly minor affair, caused by an incident with a young woman, and a slight sexual scandal. But this incident played out as London was seething with anti-German sentiment and anger; people were being laid off, wages were being cut, fortunes were suddenly being lost and because of the actions of a small bunch of powerful and great men 9and also the actions of a young con-man pretending to be the Duke of York), London was to find itself dealing with violent riots, armed men on the streets and...

The story returns for a brief moment outside the normal timeline to ask ourselves some crucial questions- here, at the start of the Tudor age, what was the prevailing mindset of the Londoners of the period? How did they conceptualise themselves and a world that was brutal compared to our own conditions? How did they fundamentally differ from people living today? An important set of questions because it will hopefully help explain everything that is to come.

A deep dive into attitudes towards health, diet, grief, alcohol, risk assessment and faith.

Cover shows a detail...

Welcome to the Age of the Tudors… and we begin with an busy episode filled with Henry VII’s immediate impact upon the city, a epidemic killing thousands and two Mayors, a marriage of a Mercer that reveals hidden insights into life in London, the formation of the Beefeaters, and why the merchants of The City and the new King, found themselves getting off on the wrong foot… all of this and more to be found in this weeks Chapter.

Cover contains a detail of “A Young Man,” painted ca. 1490 by Andrea Solario.

Covering the reign of Henry VII, all the way to the death of his granddaughter, Elizabeth I, the 6th Book of the Story of London is an immense dive into the life of the city- its people, its events and its ever changing face. W wild and detailed account of life in London, where some of the residents were to embed themselves into our very national consciousness, and where the children of poor residents were to rise to the highest levels of society. A wild and fascinating journey lies ahead… welcome then to Book 6 of The Story of London- Gl...

And this is it… a bumper Chapter as we focus on the event that was to change the history of London irrevocably; how the hell a complete non-entity like Henry Tudor was able to suddenly and dramatically take the throne of England; and along the way, have London witness an amazing local woman with impressive powers of reinvention; arguably the most awkward statement ever made by a king in the cities history, and the prototype of all future pushy showbiz mothers… Book 5 of The Story of London, concludes with the final twist in the Wars of the Roses.

The Wars of the Roses began their final spasm, and in this chapter we explore how Richard, Duke of Gloucester, Lord Protector of England, sitting in the mansion of a rich London Grocer near Bishopsgate, would, over a series of a few weeks, turn into Richard III, King of England.

But more than the traditional narrative, it is an exploration of London in those weeks- what did they hear, what did they see, and above all, how did they respond. From mobs pouring into Westminster Abbey, to a significant moment of silence in the Guildhall, from crowds...

A bumper episode that sees London suffering a fresh outbreak of the plague, Banks collapsing, cheeky church robbers, the sordid details of Edward IV’s lovers (including his London born mistress), and the sudden and dramatic shift in politics… the King dies, a coup is pulled off and then a counter coup, all done seemingly with the consent of London. But as Richard, Duke of Gloucester emerges as the main power in England, sat in a Grocers resplendent mansion over by Bishopsgate, he finds himself contemplating if he is about to commit the sins of father once again…

Cove...

The events of the Wars of the Roses caused many changes in England, but the impact upon the economic and political landscape of London, is often overlooked. This episode, we take a short break from the nobles, the King, the intrigues of the Houses of York and Lancaster, to just look at what was happening in London and on its streets at the time… and also how forces beyond anyones control, changes in population, in wealth distribution, in social mobility, and wider forces of economic changes across Europe, saw that the most political powerful of all the Guilds of Lo...

The Roses of the Roses SEEMED to be over; and King Edward IV began to consolidate his rule over the land. What follows are 9 years where London begins to try and regain its equilibrium while Grocers and mercers fall out over who stands where in St Paul’s, where we examine the much overlooked ‘other’ duties of the cities Sargent-at-Arms; where suddenly the Hundred Years War seems to be starting again, and where the young and energetic Edward IV seems to turn from a eager young warlord, into a fat, vicious and dangerous spider… bringing order even at the cost of...

In 1471 London as a city came under a three pronged attack- well armed and well trained soldiers assailed London Bridge, Bishopsgate in the West End and Aldgate in the East End, while artillery showed shells from Southwark into London itself… one of the most overlooked moments of the cities history, coming as it did only a few weeks after a massive battle just north of the city in Barnet. The Story of London details one of the more exciting moments in its history with a detailed account of those mad few weeks.

We have reached 1469, and arguably the three most intense, most insane, years of the Wars of the Roses- the wild, forever unstable Kingdom was rocked as regimes rose and fell with alarming speed; two kings; two invasions from Europe; three separate governments, seemingly constant insurrections and rebellions… London found itself trying to cope with a failing nation around it. And upon its streets and within its civic buildings, drama and melodrama was played out, as the carnage began, with slow and terrible certainty, to draw itself closer to the capital.

Young, charismatic, intelligent, and highly popular in London, Edward IV seemed to have it all. For our city, his reign promised much, a new start, a new dawn even, of a king inclined to their sensibilities and with a long and prosperous reign before him. And yet, while the city became host to marvellous royal pageants and tournaments, it was still seeing show trials and executions, and the miasma of Civil War hung over everything. In truth, Edward IV was doomed, a young man who would never be able to solve the crisis the kingdom was in, and the...

After a weeks break due to ill health, the Story returns with an episode that unashamedly takes a short break from the grand narrative of the Wars of the Roses, to look at the politics and changing fortunes of London’s Grocers, Mercers, Wool Staplers and Merchant Adventurers in the aftermath of the city siding with the Yorkist faction. How did the city cope with the huge recession the civil wars had caused, and how did it recover… welcome then to Yorkist London.

The saga of London during the Wars of the Roses continues in this fast paced chapter, which covers one of the dramatic few months this nation has ever seen; the city had mostly sided with the Yorkists in the aftermath of the Siege of the Tower of London, but now they had to choose to whom they would swear allegiance to- and they did so in a most dramatic manner. While London as a community took one of the biggest gambles in the history of the City, events elsewhere rocked the nation as the size and scale of the...

1460… that one time, in London, the Tower of London started firing cannon and napalm into the nearby houses. Seriously. A chapter that explores the extraordinary moment when the Earl of Warwick took London, his father was placed in command of the city, and a small bunch of royalist nobles and a dodgy grocers fled into the Tower, and began a brutal stand off. The siege was an incredibly vicious moment, as the Wars of the Roses suddenly became all too real to the residents. Welcome to a bumper chapter exploring this amazing year in the tale of our city.

The Wars of the Roses are warming up, and London is trying NOT to pick a side… but the Queen is unleashing a smart campaign upon the city, turning Livery Companies upon one another, and political scandle rocks the community. This chapter is an examination into the full reasons why London ended up picking the side it did, as we immerse ourselves in the complicated world of the late 1450’s- dodgy Italians in London, dodgy Londoners in Southampton, a NEW war starting up in the north and medieval pirates making the city of London swoon… welcome to the chaos.

The tale of London in the Wars of the Roses continues as we examine the aftermath of the Battle of St Albans and the fall of the second protectorate of York; Italian merchants sleeping with married English women (allegedly), the King trying to make everyone hug it out, violent law students, prison riots, and a new wave of pirates- all form the backdrop to one of the most extraordinary moments in the cities history; the amazing story of how, over one later winter and early spring, a mayor tried to keep hundreds, if not thousands, of heavily armed soldiers...

And so we begin the tale of London in the Wars of the Roses, setting the scene, and dropping us straight into the city- as the Duke of York and the Duke of Somerset’s five year rivalry moves towards its bloody end on the streets of St. Albans, in London, the city was to see young Mercers attacking the homes of Italians, the Grocers company politically shift dramatically when one side is winning, to quickly following the other side, before just as quickly having to reverse course… and as disparate factions begin to come together due to circumstances in t...

The never ending war with France was entering its death throes, but in England? A bunch of rather venal and useless men were about to plunge the nation into a political crisis so great that it would distract all from it… and in London? A small cabal of Grocers were to find themselves up to their necks in what was going on. Four chaotic and traumatic years as inept nobility, a catatonic king, a new born prince and the Duke of York riding into London in four most triumphant processions (which may or may not have actually been that im...

July 1450- and Jack Cade’s rebellion falls upon London. What follows this chapter is a guide to the bloody carnage and mayhem unleashed by this grandiose rebel upon. The city and how the city fought back. Leading up to one of the most dramatic incidents in London’s myriad history… a genuine multi-hour rolling battle on London Bridge that involved heavy weapons from the Tower of London, as the city tried to drive off thousands of this mans supporters. A wild, hectic few weeks in the life of London.

We approach 1450 and are introduced to the opening salvos of the rebellion of Jack Cade… but on the way examine the situation in London and the South-East in the years leading up to his rebellion; London faced a new coin shortage (not to be mistaken for the previous half-dozen or so), but this one was producing unexpected side effects; while many went under, some thrived; and London began to see a light at the end of a tunnel… but it was a distant light. As 1450 dawned rebellion and violence and murder seemed everywhere and then, suddenly, an army appeared in t...

The story reaches the background to the rebellion of Jack Cade and we begin this cycle with the events taking place across England in the years leading up to that violent rebellion, starting with a perfect day… the coronation of England’s new 15 year old Queen. But as London rejoiced in the pomp and circumstances, powerful men were beginning a series of missteps that was going to bring the city, and the country, to the edge of crisis…

We slow down the break neck pace of the Story of London, to take the time to stop and look at how, in practical terms, London WORKED as a city; how all the disparate parts of it, the mayors, the Aldermen, the mass of poor, managed to coexist and function. In a chapter that draws upon the awesome work of historian Barbara Hanawalt, we explore how the city functioned as a living space… while setting up for a crazy few years ahead and dealing with a huge, high profile fire!

The Story this week focuses upon several things- fighting between lawyers and butchers over by the Fleet River; the massive attack upon Calais by the French; the political intrigues between the Duke of Gloucester and Cardinal Beaufort as the 100 Years War dragged itself to its inevitable conclusion… but mostly we focus upon the greatest political scandal of the 1440’s; the downfall of the Duchess of Gloucester. But more than that… we go beyond the public acts of contrition undertaken by this woman, to focus on the story of an overlooked figure; a woman who lived on the outskirts of the ci...

The 1430’s was a dark decade for London, as the most brutal weather to ever hit London landed in a series of freezing winters, that drove up prices and froze the river in a way not seen before and never since. This was the backdrop to a decade which saw London’s economy utterly collapse, and the War with France take a dramatic turn for the worse. From lavish processions through the city, to self-destructive politics, to the decline of London’s merchants under the onslaught of foreign traders, this chapter sees the city trying to cope with part of Lon...