EXPLAINING TODAY

Sophy Ridge, Ed Conway, and Sam Coates recently interviewed Richard Hughes, the head of the UK's independent budget watchdog, the Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR), following the Chancellor's Budget announcement on November 26, 2025. 
During the interview, the OBR chief discussed the UK's economic challenges and faced tough questions regarding an "unprecedented" leak of the OBR's report before the Chancellor, Rachel Reeves, had delivered her speech in the House of Commons


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UK Chancellor Rachel Reeves acknowledged that the recent Budget would ask "ordinary people to pay a little bit more" as she defended a series of tax-raising measures. Thresholds for income tax will be frozen until 2031, a policy known as "fiscal drag," which will result in more people paying higher rates of tax as their wages increase. The tax rates on these sources of income will increase by 2%.

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Americans are increasingly buying thrift and secondhand clothes due to a combination of economic pressures, a growing emphasis on sustainability, a desire for unique style, and the rise of social media and online resale platforms. With rising costs of living and inflation, saving money is a primary motivator for a majority of thrift shoppers. Secondhand clothing is significantly cheaper than new apparel, allowing consumers to acquire quality items at a fraction of the price. Economic uncertainty and new tariffs on imported goods have further boosted interest in the more affordable secondhand market.

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Reverend Ezekiel Dachomo of the Church of Christ in Nations (COCIN), along with other religious leaders and organizations, has shared "alarming" insights into Christian persecution in Nigeria, describing it as an ongoing genocide in the country's Middle Belt and northern regions. Dachomo has appealed to the international community for intervention, accusing the Nigerian authorities of complicity and inaction. 

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According to former U.S. Ambassador to NATO Alexander Vershbow, the newest Russia-Ukraine peace plan, drafted by the Trump administration, is "very strange" because its proposals largely align with Russian demands and offer little in return from Moscow. Vershbow has publicly stated that Russia has repeatedly abandoned agreements it helped negotiate, undermining the rules of the international system. Other European and U.S. officials have echoed this criticism, with one representative describing the proposal as a "surrender plan" for Ukraine. 


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The White House has officially denied claims that President Trump threatened to execute Democratic lawmakers, clarifying that he did not intend for members of Congress to be put to death, despite his social media posts that described their actions as "seditious behavior, punishable by DEATH". 
White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt addressed the issue during a press briefing on Thursday, November 20, 2025. When directly asked if the President wanted to see the lawmakers executed, she replied, "No". 
Leavitt explained that the President's comments were in response to a video released by six Democratic lawmakers—all of whom have military or int...

The funeral for former Vice President Dick Cheney was held at the Washington National Cathedral on November 20, 2025, following his death on November 3, 2025.  Cheney's daughter, former Rep. Liz Cheney, eulogized her father as knowing "that bonds of party must always yield to the single bond we share as Americans." The pair had become outspoken critics of President Trump after the Jan. 6, 2021, attack on the U.S. Capitol, and despite deep roots in the Republican Party they both said in 2024 that they were voting for Vice President Kamala Harris.

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A "looming fight with Trump" over the release of Jeffrey Epstein files is casting a shadow over a significant victory for Epstein's survivors, who successfully pushed Congress to pass the Epstein Files Transparency Act. President Trump signed the bill into law on November 19, 2025, a reversal of his previous stance against the measure, after it became clear the bill had overwhelming bipartisan support in both the House and the Senate. The new law requires the Department of Justice to release all relevant unclassified records within 30 days. 


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House Democratic Leader Hakeem Jeffries stated that the public witnessed Donald Trump's "extraordinary meltdown in real time" over the congressional bill to release the Jeffrey Epstein files. Jeffries' comments came after the House and Senate both passed the legislation, essentially forcing the President's hand to sign the bill, which he did on November 20, 2025. Jeffries characterized the passage of the bill as an "unconditional surrender" by Trump and House Republicans, who he accused of having run a "pedophile protection program" for months by trying to block or delay the bill. 


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President Trump, who had previously dismissed the issue as a "Democratic hoax" and tried to block the vote for months, reversed his stance over the weekend and encouraged House Republicans to vote for the measure, stating "We have nothing to hide". A senior White House official confirmed that Trump plans to sign the bill into law as soon as it reaches his desk. The U.S. House of Representatives overwhelmingly passed legislation on Tuesday to force the Justice Department to release all of its investigative files on Jeffrey Epstein. The bill, which passed with a vote of 427-1, now heads...

The resolution authorizes the creation and deployment of an ISF to maintain security, oversee the demilitarization of Gaza (including the destruction of Hamas' military infrastructure), protect civilians, and train a new, vetted Palestinian police force in coordination with Egypt and Israel.

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Female genital mutilation (FGM) survivors in the UK are being told they must wait for more research into the effectiveness of reconstructive surgery, forcing many to pay for treatment abroad. While the surgery is freely available on public health services in some European countries, like Switzerland, it is not currently offered through the UK's National Health Service (NHS). 

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Massie made the statement in November 2025 during an appearance on ABC News' "This Week", in the context of the ongoing push to release all government files related to the late sex offender Jeffrey Epstein. Massie, a co-leader of the bipartisan effort to make the files public, criticized Donald Trump for initially trying to block the release of the documents and for ordering a separate, new investigation into Democratic ties to Epstein. 
Massie's "operating theory" was that Trump was attempting to keep the files closed to protect wealthy donors and members of his social circles who might be implicated, rather t...

Senator John Kennedy (R-La.) has frequently used the phrase "the loon wing of the Democratic Party is in control" since at least August 2025, to describe what he perceives as the radical, far-left faction of the party that he believes dictates policy decisions. 

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The accusation that the White House is engaged in a "massive cover-up" is a current claim made by House Democrats regarding the withholding and selective release of Department of Justice (DOJ) files related to the Jeffrey Epstein investigation. 

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The Pentagon has formally launched a new military mission called "Operation Southern Spear" aimed at dismantling "narcoterrorism networks" and Transnational Criminal Organizations (TCOs) operating throughout Latin America.

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One of two men who were mistakenly freed from HMP Wandsworth prison has handed himself in to the authorities. 
William "Billy" Smith, 35, who had been sentenced to 45 months for fraud offences, returned to the prison voluntarily on Thursday, November 6, 2025. He was mistakenly released on Monday, November 3, after a clerical error at the court level incorrectly recorded his sentence as suspended. Smith was filmed smoking a cigarette and smiling as he walked back into the facility. 


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One of the prisoners mistakenly released from HMP Wandsworth, William "Billy" Smith, has handed himself back in to the prison authorities. Smith, 35, who was sentenced to 45 months for multiple fraud offences on Monday, November 3, was accidentally released later that same day due to a clerical error at the court level which mistakenly recorded his sentence as suspended. He returned to the prison voluntarily on Thursday, November 6, where he was filmed by reporters smiling and smoking a cigarette before walking back into the facility. 


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Senior Conservative figure Chris Philp described it as "pathetic" for the Labour government to blame anyone but themselves for the recent series of prisoner manhunts following mistaken releases. 

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The current US government shutdown has become the longest on record, and it is not clear when the budget stand-off between Republican and Democratic lawmakers in Congress will end.It means that many - but not all - US government services are temporarily suspended, and around 1.4 million federal employees are on unpaid leave or working without pay.Although budget confrontations are common in US politics, this one is especially tense because President Donald Trump began drastically reducing the size of the national government as soon as he returned to office in January, and has threatened to use the c...

A significant risk that gets injected into the system when air traffic controllers multitask, as affirmed by transportation officials and aviation safety experts. This risk stems from human factors such as cognitive limitations, the potential for human error, and the degradation of situational awareness under high-workload conditions. 

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Mairhofer is an Austrian content creator known for spreading positivity through videos of his adventures in the Austrian countryside with his cat, Eddie. He gained widespread attention, including features on news programs like ABC News and Good Morning America, for his infectiously upbeat attitude and mission to bring joy to others. 

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Democrat Abigail Spanberger has defeated Republican Winsome Earle-Sears to flip control of the Virginia governorship, NBC News projects, setting her up to become the first woman to lead the state.Spanberger, a former congresswoman, won the race in the blue-leaning state after holding polling and fundraising advantages throughout the campaign. Her victory provides Democrats with a shot of momentum as the party attempts to chart its path forward after its 2024 election defeat.

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US Treasury SecretaryScott Bessent used the quote, "This ALWAYS ends in decay and ruin," to refer to communism and, by extension, policies he views as leaning toward extreme socialism, particularly in the context of New York City politics. 
In recent interviews on November 4, 2025, Bessent was discussing the results of an election in New York City where a candidate with far-left, potentially socialist/communist-leaning policies, was elected. 


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Former Vice PresidentDick Cheney died on Monday, November 3, 2025 , at the age of 84 due tocomplications of pneumonia and cardiac and vascular disease.He is remembered as one of the mostpowerful and polarizing figures in American political history,known for his instrumental role in the post-9/11"War on Terror" and the invasion of Iraq.

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FBI Director Kash Patel announced that the FBI successfully thwarted a potential terrorist attack that was allegedly planned for the recent Halloween weekend in Michigan. Multiple suspects were arrested in connection with the potential plot, which officials indicated was inspired by ISIS.

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Democratic candidate Graham Platner is vigorously making the case against "establishment" candidates in the Maine U.S. Senate race, specifically targeting fellow Democrat, Governor Janet Mills, and the Republican incumbent, Senator Susan Collins. 

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In the NBC News survey released Sunday, 50 percent of respondents said they wanted “a Congress controlled by Democrats” after the 2026 midterm elections, while 42 percent said they wanted “a Congress controlled by Republicans.” Eight percent in the poll were unsure about whom they wanted to control the legislative branch.

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US aid is vital to Nigeria's health sector, particularly in the fight against HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis. In 2023, US health support accounted for over 21% of Nigeria's annual health budget. The recent (2025) suspension of some US health funding created an immediate and significant gap that the Nigerian government is struggling to fill with emergency national allocations, highlighting the existing dependence.

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The ancient Socotra dragon's blood tree (Dracaena cinnabari) is currently struggling to survive due to climate change and other pressures, leading to its classification as a "vulnerable" species on the IUCN Red List. Experts warn that without intervention, the species could face local extinction within decades. 

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Russia has not issued any such warnings because Donald Trump has not issued an order to resume nuclear weapons testing. There have been no confirmed reports or official orders for the United States to resume nuclear testing, which has been under a self-imposed moratorium since 1992 and has not ratified the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) [2, 3].

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General Jack Keane's comment that "Trump is FED UP with this, once and for all" refers to President Donald Trump being fed up with Russian President Vladimir Putin's continued war effort in Ukraine and his belief that he can outlast the West's resolve. 

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During President Donald Trump's visit to Tokyo on October 28, 2025, he and Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi signed a new framework for securing the supply of critical minerals and rare earths. The deal is a direct response to China's recent export controls on these materials and aims to bolster the supply chain for technologies like electronics and defense systems.

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While meeting with South Korean President Lee Jae Myung on October 29, 2025, U.S. President Donald Trump indicated his desire to restore diplomacy with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un. Trump expressed optimism about reaching a peace deal and resolving tensions, despite Pyongyang having recently conducted a missile test. 

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During a meeting with Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi on October 28, 2025, U.S. President Donald Trump made general promises to strengthen the alliance and praised Japan for increasing its defense spending. However, reports from the summit do not indicate any new or specific security pledges from Trump, beyond the existing U.S. commitment to Japan. 

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