SpaceTime: Your Guide to Space & Astronomy

40 Episodes
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By: Stuart Gary

Join host Stuart Gary for weekly explorations into Astronomy, Space, and Science News, featuring insights from 19 years on Australian Public Radio and industry experts.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

Mapping the Milky Way: New Insights, Martian Mysteries, and Psyche's Thruster Troubles
#56
Today at 6:20 AM

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In this episode of SpaceTime, we unveil a stunning new ultraviolet map of the Milky Way galaxy, thanks to NASA's New Horizons spacecraft. This groundbreaking observation, published in the Astronomical Journal, provides astronomers with unprecedented insights into...


The Cosmic Origins of Uranium, Vesta's Surprising Identity, and Mars' Ancient Climate
#55
Last Wednesday at 6:24 AM

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Eos: The Nearby Molecular Cloud; Jupiter's Polar Cyclones...
#54
Last Tuesday at 6:17 AM

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This episode of SpaceTime explores fascinating new discoveries and urgent updates from the cosmos.First, astronomers have identified a vast molecular gas and dust cloud named Eos, located just 300 light years away from Earth. This remarkable finding, published in the journal Nature Astronomy, marks the first detection of a molecular cloud using far ultraviolet emissions of mol...


Mars' Carbon Cycle Unveiled, SKA Project Progress, and ISS Rush Hour
#52
05/02/2025

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In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover groundbreaking discoveries and updates from the cosmos. First, NASA's Curiosity Rover has revealed evidence of a carbon cycle on Mars, with significant carbon deposits found in Gale Crater. This finding, detailed in the journal Science, brings researchers closer to understanding Mars's potential to support life in its...


Titan's Missing Deltas, Mars' Volcanic Past, and Kelt 9b's Metal Discovery
#52
04/30/2025

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In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the mysterious absence of river deltas on Titan, Saturn’s largest moon. Despite having rivers of methane and ethane, a new study published in the Journal of Geophysical Research Planets reveals that Titan is largely devoid of these geological features, raising intriguing questions ab...


Solar Storms and Martian Mysteries: The Secrets of Coronal Holes and Ancient Waters
#51
04/28/2025

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In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the intriguing phenomena of coronal holes on the Sun and their significant impact on space weather. A new study published in Scientific Reports reveals how these magnetic win...


Earth's Water Origins Rewritten, Mars' Magnetic Mystery Unveiled
#50
04/25/2025

In this episode of SpaceTime, we unveil groundbreaking evidence that challenges previously held theories about the origins of Earth's water. Recent findings published in the journal Icarus indicate that rather than being delivered by asteroids and comets, Earth's water may have formed alongside the planet itself. The study utilizes a unique meteorite known as the enstatite chondrite to reveal a rich source of hydrogen essential for water formation, reshaping our understanding of how life-sustaining conditions developed on Earth.
The Enigmatic Magnetic Field of Mars
Next, we delve into the curious case of Mars's magnetic field, which...


NASA's Lucy Spacecraft Zooms Past Asteroid Donaldjohanson, Neutrino Mass Limit Set
#49
04/23/2025

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NASA's Lucy Mission, Neutrino Mass Breakthrough, and Martian Rock Discoveries
In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into NASA's Lucy spacecraft as it prepares for a close flyby of the asteroid Donald Johanson, l...


Hints of Alien Life Detected, Early Universe Spiral Galaxy Uncovered
#48
04/21/2025

Hints of Alien Life, a Galactic Mystery, and Juno's Safe Mode Incident
In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking revelations suggesting the potential for alien life beyond Earth. Using NASA's Webb Space Telescope, astronomers have detected chemical signatures of dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl disulfide in the atmosphere of the exoplanet K2 18 b, a sub-Neptune world located 124 light years away in the habitable zone of its host star. While these findings are incredibly promising, researchers urge caution as they work to confirm these biosignatures through further observations.
A Surprising Spiral Galaxy from the Early Universe
...


Uranus' Rotational Secrets Revealed, ISS Welcomes New Crew
#47
04/19/2025

Exploring Uranus's Rotational Secrets, New Crew at the ISS, and the Dangers of Space Travel
In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into groundbreaking measurements of Uranus's rotational rate, achieved with unprecedented accuracy by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. This new technique, which analyzed over a decade of observations of the planet's auroras, provides essential insights into Uranus's complex atmosphere and magnetic field, establishing a vital reference point for future planetary studies.
A New Crew Arrives at the International Space Station
Next, we cover the arrival of a new crew aboard the International Space Station, as...


Black Hole Plasma Jets Unraveled, Mars Twisters Captured
#46
04/17/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 46
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Unraveling Black Hole Jets, Martian Dust Devils, and Earth's Tectonic Mysteries
In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking research that sheds light on how black holes generate their powerful plasma jets. A new study reveals that these jets are formed when superheated gas experiences a rapid shrinking towards the black hole's event horizon, offering insights into galaxy evolution and the fundamental physics of black holes. We discuss the implications of these findings for understanding cosmic phenomena and the behavior of matter in...


Lunar Water Disparities Explored, Asteroid 2024 YR4's Moonbound Journey
#45
04/16/2025

(00:00:00) Lunar Water Disparities Explored, Asteroid 2024 YR4's Moonbound Journey
(00:00:46) Lunar Water Differences
(00:03:47) Asteroid 2024 YR4: From Earth Threat to Lunar Target
(00:06:33) Singing Stars and Galactic History
(00:18:56) The Science Report
(00:25:11) Show Wrap

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 45
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Uncovering Lunar Water Discrepancies, Asteroid 2024 YR4's Moon Targeting, and Stellar Seismology Insights
In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the intriguing findings from China's Chang'e 6 sample return mission, which reveal that the Moon's far side is significantly drier than its near side. This discovery...


Uranus' Atmospheric Mysteries Unveiled, Space Junk Crisis Deepens
#44
04/11/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 44
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
New Discoveries About Uranus, the 2025 Space Environment Robert on Space Junk, and NASA's Starliner Testing Updates
In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking insights into the atmosphere of Uranus, derived from two decades of observations by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. Uranus, an ice giant with its unique tilt and rotation, reveals complex atmospheric dynamics that scientists are just beginning to understand. We discuss the implications of Hubble's findings, including the distribution of methane and the changing aerosol structures as the planet approaches...


Venus' Volcanic Secrets Revealed, Gaia's Mission Concludes
#43
04/09/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 43
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Exploring Venusian Volcanoes, the End of the Gaia Mission, and SpaceX's Historic Polar Orbit Launch
In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the geological mysteries of Venus, where new research suggests that convection in its crust may explain the planet's numerous volcanoes. Unlike Earth, which supports life, Venus is a harsh environment with extreme temperatures and a crushing atmosphere. We discuss how this convection could indicate a more active geological landscape than previously understood, shedding light on the planet's evolution.
...


Antimatter's Cosmic Clue, Dark Matter Detection Breakthrough
#42
04/07/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 42
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Unraveling Antimatter Mysteries, New Techniques to Detect Dark Matter, and Insights into the Spectrum Rocket Failure
In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into groundbreaking discoveries at the Large Hadron Collider, where physicists have identified a significant difference in the decay behaviors of ordinary matter and antimatter. This finding could provide vital clues to understanding why our universe is dominated by matter despite the Big Bang's creation of equal amounts of both. We explore the implications of these results and how they align...


Himalayan Sprite Lightning, Mars' Shocking Spherules, Asteroid Belt Mapping
#41
04/04/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 41
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Mysterious Red Sprite Lightning, Shocking Spherules on Mars, and a New Geological Map of the Asteroid Belt
In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the breathtaking phenomenon of red sprite lightning captured over the Himalayas. Chinese astrophotographers documented over 100 of these rare electrical discharges, revealing insights into the complex thunderstorms of the region. We discuss the mechanisms behind these sprites and their implications for understanding upper atmospheric phenomena.
Shocking Discoveries on Mars
Next, we turn our attention to Mars...


Mars' Organic Mystery Unveiled, Parker Solar Probe's Solar Close Encounter
#40
04/02/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 40
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Largest Organic Molecule Discovered on Mars, Parker Solar Probe's Close Encounter with the Sun, and New Insights into Earth's Formation
In this episode of SpaceTime, we discuss the remarkable discovery made by NASA's Curiosity Rover, which has identified the largest organic molecules ever found on Mars. These molecules, potentially remnants of fatty acids, suggest that prebiotic chemistry may have progressed further on the Red Planet than previously thought. We delve into the implications of these findings for future Mars sample return missions and...


Lunar Crater Age Revealed, NASA's PUNCH Mission Launch
#39
03/31/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 39
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Moon's Oldest Impact Crater Dated, NASA's Punch Mission Launches, and Europe's First Orbital Rocket Countdown
In this episode of SpaceTime, we reveal groundbreaking findings that pinpoint the age of the Moon's oldest and largest impact crater, the Aitken Basin. Recent analysis of lunar regolith collected by China's Chang'e 6 mission indicates that this massive structure was formed approximately 4.25 billion years ago by a colossal asteroid impact. We discuss how this discovery enhances our understanding of the Moon's geological history and its role in the...


Dark Universe Insights, China's Lunar Aspirations, NASA's Aurora Mission
#38
03/28/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 38
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Deep Insights into the Dark Universe, China's Lunar Ambitions, and NASA's New Aurora Mission
In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into the latest findings from the European Space Agency's Euclid mission, which is shedding light on the mysterious force of dark energy and how it accelerates the universe's expansion. The recently released data reveals stunning images of billions of galaxies, providing crucial insights into the nature of dark energy and its effect on cosmic history. We discuss the mission's ambitious goals and...


Exoplanet Discovery, Dark Energy Evolution
#37
03/26/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 37
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Exciting New Exoplanet Discovery, Evolving Dark Energy, and Insights into the Moon's Magnetic Field
In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover the discovery of a potential new exoplanet, TOI 2818C, located over a thousand light years away in the constellation Papus. This intriguing planetary candidate is estimated to be 10 to 16 times the size of Earth and orbits its host star in less than 16 Earth days. We delve into the innovative transit timing variations method employed by astronomers, which revealed the presence of this...


Space Tornadoes Unveiled, Starship's Mars Mission, Astronauts' Long-Awaited Return
#36
03/24/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 36
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Space Tornadoes Discovered in the Milky Way's Core, SpaceX's Starship to Undertake a Mission to Mars Next Year, and Stranded Astronauts Finally Return Home After Nine Months in Space
In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the astonishing discovery of enormous space tornadoes swirling in the Milky Way's central core. Astronomers have unveiled these spectacular formations, detected using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), which reveal the dynamic processes surrounding the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A*. We discuss the implications of this...


Exoplanets Discovered, Kuiper Belt's Icy Trio, and White Holes Explored: S28E35
#35
03/21/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 35
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Discovery of a New Planetary System, Stable Trio of Icy Worlds in the Kuiper Belt, and the Fascinating Concept of White Holes
In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the groundbreaking discovery of a nearby planetary system orbiting Barnard's Star, the second closest star system to the Sun. Located just 5.96 light years away, this system comprises four small planets, each 20 to 30% the mass of Earth, revealing new insights into the potential for life beyond our solar system. We discuss the significance of...


Supernovae, Stellar Mapping, and Saturn's New Moons: S28E34
#34
03/19/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 34
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Supernovae's Role in Mass Extinctions, NASA's Stellar Mapping Mission, and New Moons of Saturn
In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore a fascinating new study suggesting that nearby supernovae could have triggered at least two of Earth's mass extinction events. These violent stellar explosions may have stripped away the ozone layer, exposing life to harmful ultraviolet radiation and leading to significant ecological upheaval. We delve into the implications of these findings and how they reshape our understanding of Earth's history.
Nasa's...


Ancient Impacts, Lunar Ice Potential, and the Return of X37B: S28E33
#33
03/17/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 33
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
World's Oldest Meteor Impact Crater, Water Ice on the Moon, and the Secretive X37B Shuttle Returns
In this episode of SpaceTime, we unveil the discovery of the world's oldest known meteor impact crater located in Western Australia. This ancient structure, dating back 3.5 billion years, was identified in the Pilbara region and challenges previous notions about Earth's geological history and the origins of life. We discuss the implications of this significant find, including its potential to reshape our understanding of crust formation and...


Ancient Martian Rocks and Their Secrets, Gamma Ray Observatory Greenlit, and Ariane 6 Takes Flight: S28E32
#32
03/14/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 32
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Martian Minerals Indicating Ancient Life, World's Most Powerful Gamma Ray Observatory, and Ariane 6 Rocket Operations Begin
In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking findings from NASA's Perseverance rover, which has discovered unusual rocks on Mars' Jezero crater rim, hinting at the possibility of ancient life. The rocks, rich in kaolinite, typically form in warm, wet environments, suggesting that Mars may have once hosted conditions suitable for life. We delve into the implications of these findings and what they reveal about the planet's...


Mars' Ancient Beaches, Water's Early Emergence, and Voyager's Power Struggles: S28E31
#31
03/12/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 31
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Beaches on Mars, Water's Early Emergence in the Universe, and Voyager's Power Conservation
In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the groundbreaking confirmation by China's Zhurong Mars rover, which has revealed that ancient ocean beaches once graced Mars' northern hemisphere. Using advanced ground-penetrating radar, scientists have discovered sedimentary structures resembling Earth's coastal deposits, suggesting that the Red Planet once harbored a significant body of water, potentially creating habitable environments for microbial life.
Water's Early Role in the Universe
...


Orbital Shifts and Ice Ages, Starship's Explosive End, and Moon's Haunting Discoveries: S28E30
#30
03/10/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 30
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Earth's Jessica Cycles, Starship's Latest Failure, and Lunar Landings in Trouble
In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore a groundbreaking discovery linking Earth's ice age cycles to its orbital shifts. Recent research indicates a predictable pattern for glacial and interglacial periods, suggesting the onset of the next ice age could occur in approximately 10,000 years. This insight stems from a million-year climate record that matches changes in Earth's orbit with significant climate shifts.
Starship's Crash and Burn
We also discuss...


Callisto's Ocean Secrets, Lasers Unveiling Mars' Past Life, and ISS Cleanliness Concerns: S28E29
#29
03/07/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 29
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Exploring Callisto's Ocean Potential, Laser Fossil Detection on Mars, and ISS Cleanliness Concerns
In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into exciting new research suggesting that Jupiter's moon Callisto may harbor a subsurface ocean, potentially making it another ocean world in our solar system. This revelation builds on data from NASA's Galileo spacecraft, which hinted at the presence of a salty liquid water ocean beneath Callisto's icy crust. Advanced modeling techniques have strengthened these claims, setting the stage for further exploration by NASA's...


Orion's Influence on Earth's Climate, Mars' Wet Past Revealed, and Europa Clipper's Journey: S28E28
#28
03/05/2025

The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Earth's Climate Shaped by Orion, New Insights into Mars' Red Color, and NASA's Europa Clipper Mission Update
In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore a groundbreaking study suggesting that Earth's climate may have undergone significant changes around 14 million years ago due to our solar system's journey through the Orion star-forming region. Researchers propose that this passage may have compressed the heliosphere, increasing interstellar dust influx and potentially impacting Earth's climate and geological records.
Revisiting Mars' Iconic Hue
We also discuss new findings that challenge previous...


Asteroid 2024 YR4's Threat Averted, Martian Core Study Breakthrough, and NASA's Latest Lunar Venture: S28E27
#27
03/03/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 27
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Asteroid 2024 YR4 Impact Risk Reduced, Insights into Mars' Core, and NASA's Lunar Mission Update
In this episode of SpaceTime, we bring you encouraging news about asteroid 2024 YR4, with new observations indicating that the chances of it impacting Earth have plummeted to just 0.001%. Initially flagged as a potential threat, this asteroid has been closely monitored, and the latest data from the Very Large Telescope has allowed astronomers to refine its orbit and rule out any collision risk for 2032.
Exploring the Martian Core<...


Ryugu's Salty Past, Solar Orbiter's Encounter with Venus, and NASA's Ice Mining Experiment: S28E26
#26
02/28/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 26
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Asteroid Ryugu's Salty Secrets, Solar Orbiter's Venus Encounter, and NASA's Lunar Resource Exploration
In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the recent findings from the asteroid Richie, where scientists have discovered evidence of salt minerals, hinting at the presence of saline water in the outer solar system. This exciting revelation parallels previous discoveries from asteroid Bennu and enhances our understanding of the chemical history of these celestial bodies.
Europe's Solar Orbiter and Venus
We also explore the European...


Quantum Time Arrows, Ancient Martian Rocks, and the Lunar Trailblazer Launch: S28E25
#25
02/26/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 25
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Two Arrows of Time, Ancient Rocks on Mars, and NASA's Lunar Trailblazer Mission
In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into a groundbreaking discovery by physicists revealing the possibility of two distinct arrows of time emerging from the quantum realm. This fascinating research challenges our conventional understanding of time, suggesting that it may not flow in just one direction, but could theoretically move both forwards and backwards under certain quantum conditions.
NASA's Perseverance Rover Finds Ancient Martian Rocks
We...


Asteroid 2024 YR4 Threat, Lunar Canyon Formation, and NASA Astronauts' Early Homecoming: S28E24
#24
02/24/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 24
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Asteroid Impact Odds, Lunar Grand Canyons, and NASA's Stranded Astronauts
In this episode of SpaceTime, we discuss the alarming increase in the odds of asteroid 2024 YR4 impacting Earth, now estimated at 3.1% for December 22, 2032. This asteroid, measuring between 40 to 90 meters, poses a significant threat, and we delve into the implications of planetary defense strategies that could be employed to mitigate this risk.
The Origins of the Moon's Grand Canyons
We also explore new research that suggests the Moon's massive canyons...


Snowball Earth Evidence, Blue Origin's Parachute Mishap, and the Moon's Horizon Illusion: S28E23
#23
02/21/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 23
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Snowball Earth Evidence, Blue Origin's Parachute Failure, and the Moon Illusion Explained
In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into groundbreaking geological research that provides compelling evidence for the Snowball Earth hypothesis, suggesting that glaciers may have covered the planet from pole to pole hundreds of millions of years ago. This research reveals insights into Earth's climatic history and the emergence of multicellular life following this extreme glaciation event.
Blue Origin's Lunar Gravity Mission
We also discuss the recent...


Van Allen's New Belts, Alien Oceans and Life, and Massive Black Hole Jets Uncovered: S28E22
#22
02/19/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 22
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
New Van Allen Radiation Belts, Alien Oceans and Signs of Life, and the Largest Black Hole Radio Jet Ever Detected
In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover the discovery of two new temporary Van Allen radiation belts created by a massive solar storm that struck Earth in May 2024. This event not only produced stunning auroras but also highlighted the importance of understanding the dynamics of radiation belts for the safety of satellites and astronauts. The findings, reported by NASA's Colorado Inner Radiation Belt...


Earth's Inner Core Mysteries, China's Lunar Quest, and Hot Jupiter Insights: S28E21
#21
02/17/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 21
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Shifting Dynamics of Earth's Inner Core, China's Lunar South Pole Mission, and Insights into Hot Jupiter Exoplanets
In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking research revealing that Earth's inner core may be less solid than previously believed. A new study indicates that the near surface of the inner core is undergoing structural transformations, influenced by interactions with the turbulent outer core. This discovery provides fresh insights into the dynamics of Earth's core and its impact on the planet's magnetic field...


Earth's Elemental Mysteries, Ariel's Geological Secrets, and Comet Atlas's Demise: S28E20
#20
02/14/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 20
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
New Discoveries on Earth's Elements, Uranus's Moon Ariel, and the Fate of Comet Atlas
In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into a groundbreaking study that challenges long-held beliefs about the origins of Earth's missing moderately volatile elements, such as copper and zinc. This research suggests that rather than being lost during the early formation of the solar system, these essential elements were likely retained by the first planetesimals and lost later due to violent cosmic collisions during planetary growth, reshaping our understanding...


Earth's Water Origins, Bennu's Salty Secrets, and Marsquakes Unveiled: S28E19
#19
02/12/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 19
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
New Insights into Earth's Water, Asteroid Bennu's Composition, and Marsquake Triggers
In this episode of SpaceTime, we investigate a groundbreaking study that challenges previous beliefs about when water arrived on Earth. New findings suggest that water may have come in during the later stages of Earth’s formation, providing fresh perspectives on the origins of life on our planet. The study highlights the importance of molybdenum isotopes in understanding the timing of water delivery and the conditions necessary for life.
Searles La...


Asteroid Threats, Dark Matter Discoveries, and Martian Volcanism Unveiled: S28E18
#18
02/10/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 18
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Asteroid Threat Level Rusty, Dark Matter Experiment, and Martian Lava Rocks
In this episode of SpaceTime, we discuss the alarming increase in the threat level of near-Earth asteroid 2024 YR4, now assessed at a 2.3% chance of impacting Earth on December 22, 2032. With astronomers worldwide closely monitoring its trajectory, we explore the potential consequences of an impact from this asteroid, including the possibility of a catastrophic airburst or a significant surface collision.
New Dark Matter Experiment in Space
We also...


Io's Volcanic Powerhouse, Ceres' Organic Origins, and the Quest for Distant Exoplanets: S28E17
#17
02/07/2025

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 17
The Astronomy, Space and Science News Podcast
Volcanic Activity on Io, Ceres and the Building Blocks of Life, and New Exoplanet Search Technology
In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the astonishing discovery of the largest volcanic hotspot ever observed on Jupiter's moon, Io. NASA's Juno mission reveals a feature that dwarfs Earth's Lake Superior and produces eruptions with six times the energy output of all the world's power plants. This unprecedented volcanic activity is driven by intense gravitational interactions with Jupiter, resulting in a dynamic landscape riddled with approximately 400...