The Epstein Chronicles
Jeffrey Epstein was a multi millionaire who had political and business ties to some of the most rich and powerful people in the world. From businessmen to politicians at the highest levels, Epstein broke bread with them all. Yet for years the Legacy media and the rest of high society looked the other way and ignored his behavior as multiple women came forward with allegations of abuse. Even after he was convicted and subsequently received a sweetheart deal those same so called elites welcomed him back with open arms. Now after his death and the arrest of Maxwell, the real...
How Prince Andrew's Settlement With Virginia Roberts Caused Long Term Damage To The Monarchy
The outâofâcourt settlement by Prince Andrew with Virginia Roberts Giuffre dealt the British Royal Family a profound reputational blow by cementing the appearance of guilt and evasion rather than innocence. By choosing to settle rather than fight the allegations in open court, Andrew shifted the narrative from âroyal under duressâ to âroyal who pays to make problems go away.â That kind of optics corrodes public trust in an institution built on duty, integrity and impartial service. It also raised thorny questions about transparencyâhow much public or private money was used, and whether the monarchy was shielding its own, undermini...
Former Gov. John De Jongh And His Battle With Epstein Survivors Over Jurisdiction (11/25/25)
In the case Does 1-6 vs. Gov. John de Jongh, Jr., et al., the defense counsel for Gov. John de Jongh, Jr. submitted a supplemental briefing in compliance with the courtâs order to address topics discussed during a prior conference and highlight relevant cases or arguments raised by both parties. While primarily focusing on venue-related arguments, the defendant also joins and incorporates the arguments made by co-defendants in their respective submissions. The defense reiterates its position that the Second Amended Complaint (SAC) should be dismissed based on prior arguments made by the defendant and co-defendants.
Should the SA...
What the Epstein Emails Reveal About Influence, Access, and Power (11/25/25)
The explosion of Epstein revelations has exposed decades of corruption, lies, and cowardice from the elites and the institutions that protected them. For years, the media treated Epstein like an awkward footnote instead of a global trafficking mastermind, sanitizing his crimes and mocking anyone who questioned the official story. Now, as emails, calendars, flight logs, and personal messages leak out, people are realizing the truth was hidden in plain sight the whole time. The powerful werenât just covering for Epstein â they were embedded in his world, protected by money, influence, and a justice system designed to shield them while ever...
Royal Security or Personal 'Hit' Squad? The Andrew Investigation In London (11/25/25)
Londonâs Metropolitan Police has launched an active investigation into allegations that Prince Andrew used taxpayer-funded security personnel to obtain compromising information on Virginia Giuffre, his accuser. The probe centers on a 2011 email in which Andrew allegedly provided Giuffreâs date of birth and U.S. Social Security number to a personal protection officer and asked them to check for a criminal record or other damaging material. This request reportedly came just before the publication of a photo showing Andrew with Giuffre when she was a minor, raising questions about whether the prince misused his resources and influence to target some...
Congress Threatens The Clinton's With Contempt Charges Over The Epstein Subpoena (11/25/25)
James Comer, chairman of the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, issued a sharp warning to Bill Clinton and Hillary Clinton that they must comply with in-person deposition subpoenas in the committeeâs investigation of Jeffrey Epstein and Ghislaine Maxwellâand not simply offer written statements. He emphasized that the Clintonsâ personal relationships with Epstein and Maxwell are precisely the reason why in-person testimony is required, and that declining to appear would amount to defiance of a lawful subpoena.
Comer made clear that if the Clintons fail to show up for their scheduled depositions (Bill on Decemb...
Consequence Culture: The Reckoning Epsteinâs Enablers Never Saw Coming (11/25/25)
People scrambling to defend Jeffrey Epsteinâs enablers are acting like the public demanding accountability is some sort of pitchfork mob obsessed with cancel culture. Theyâre pretending that exposing the people who protected a serial predator is the same thing as ruining someoneâs career over an old joke or a bad tweet. Itâs a deliberate distortionâan attempt to blur the line between trivial social punishment and the long-overdue reckoning that comes when power is abused, evidence piles up, and silence is no longer an option. These defenders are confusedâmaybe intentionallyâbecause they know admitting the truth means ad...
Mega Edition: The OIG Report Into The Death And Circumstances Of Epstein's Death (Part 3) (11/24/25)
The Office of the Inspector General (OIG) report into Jeffrey Epsteinâs death delivers a blistering indictment of systemic failures at the Bureau of Prisons (BOP) and his holding facility. It documents a litany of procedural violations: Epsteinâs cellmate was removed and never replaced despite explicit policy, surveillance cameras in his unit were malfunctioning or not recording, and the staff responsible for required 30-minute checks on Epstein didnât perform them. Instead, employees falsified records indicating those rounds were completed, and in reality Epstein was alone and unchecked for hours before his death. These arenât isolated mistakesâtheyâre classic s...
Mega Edition: The OIG Report Into The Death And Circumstances Of Epstein's Death (Part 2) (11/24/25)
The Office of the Inspector General (OIG) report into Jeffrey Epsteinâs death delivers a blistering indictment of systemic failures at the Bureau of Prisons (BOP) and his holding facility. It documents a litany of procedural violations: Epsteinâs cellmate was removed and never replaced despite explicit policy, surveillance cameras in his unit were malfunctioning or not recording, and the staff responsible for required 30-minute checks on Epstein didnât perform them. Instead, employees falsified records indicating those rounds were completed, and in reality Epstein was alone and unchecked for hours before his death. These arenât isolated mistakesâtheyâre classic s...
Mega Edition: The OIG Report Into The Death And Circumstances Of Epstein's Death (Part 1) (11/24/25)
The Office of the Inspector General (OIG) report into Jeffrey Epsteinâs death delivers a blistering indictment of systemic failures at the Bureau of Prisons (BOP) and his holding facility. It documents a litany of procedural violations: Epsteinâs cellmate was removed and never replaced despite explicit policy, surveillance cameras in his unit were malfunctioning or not recording, and the staff responsible for required 30-minute checks on Epstein didnât perform them. Instead, employees falsified records indicating those rounds were completed, and in reality Epstein was alone and unchecked for hours before his death. These arenât isolated mistakesâtheyâre classic s...
Did Jeffrey Epstein Have Any Kids?
The question of whether Jeffrey Epstein had children has surfaced repeatedly, largely because of the secrecy surrounding his personal life and the extraordinary amount of money and influence he controlled. After his death, a surprising number of individuals reportedly came forward claiming that they might be his biological offspring, prompting questions about whether Epstein had children that were never publicly acknowledged. The timing and the volume of these claims fueled public speculation, especially given the potential access to Epsteinâs estate and the network of people who may have had reasons to keep such information hidden. To date, however, no cl...
What Jeffrey Epstein's Private Calendar Told Us About Who He Was Meeting With
Epsteinâs appointment logs from 2014â2019 show a pattern of meetings with highly influential individuals across business, politics, science and entertainment. He had repeated entries with figures such as filmmaker Woody Allen and his wife, including dozens of meetings and travel together. The logs also show scheduled interactionsâsome tentativeâwith tech titans (such as Elon Musk and Peter Thiel), political strategists (e.g., Steve Bannon), and top-tier legal and business figures such as former White House counsel Kathryn Ruemmler. These entries amount to more than social calling cardsâthey indicate deliberate cultivation of influence and access, often while Epstein remained a register...
The Science World And It's Silence About The Monster That Jeffrey Epstein Was
The science worldâs reaction to Jeffrey Epsteinâs exposure as a predator was striking for its silence and complicity. Many elite research institutions and scientists had accepted his money, hosted him, and normalized his presenceâeven after his 2008 conviction. For example, Massachusetts Institute of Technology accepted hundreds of thousands of dollars in donations from Epstein post-conviction and allowed him campus access, while the labs and leadership often operated in the shadows, hiding or anonymizing his involvement. The broader scientific community did not robustly challenge or publicly distance itself from Epstein, raising profound questions about the moral compass of an entire...
Jeffrey Epstein And His Good Pal Jeffrey Epstein
Woody Allenâs relationship with Jeffrey Epstein was not some distant or incidental brush-by at elite functions. Epsteinâs logs and schedules placed Allen and his wife Soon-Yi in his orbit repeatedly for years, long after Epsteinâs 2008 conviction was universally known. They werenât just occasional social interactionsâthey included frequent meals, private gatherings, and visits that demonstrate a level of comfort and familiarity that is hard to square with any claim of ignorance. Even if one were to take Allen at his word that he ânever saw anything,â the sheer frequency of contact with a registered sex offender, while the rest...
Prime Minister Keir Starmer Of The UK Hints That Andrew Should Speak With Authorities (11/24/25)
Starmer, speaking en route to the G20 summit in Johannesburg, made clear that although he would not comment on Andrewâs individual case, his longâheld general principle is straightforward: anyone who possesses relevant information in investigations of serious wrongdoing should step forward and give that evidence. He emphasised that cooperation with investigators is the correct stance when one is in possession of material that might help.
At the same time, Starmer added that whether Andrew chooses to follow that principle is âa decision for himâ â indicating that he was not issuing a direct instruction or demand, but rather exp...
The DOJ Once Again Looks To Pry Loose Grand Jury Documents From The Courts (11/24/25)
The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) has filed a motion in federal court in the Southern District of Florida requesting that grand-jury transcripts (and related protective orders) from the investigations of Jeffrey Epstein and Ghislaine Maxwell be unsealed. The motion cites the newly enacted Epstein Files Transparency Act, which mandates the release of unclassified DOJ materials related to Epstein within 30 days, arguing that grand-jury transcripts should not be exempt from disclosure simply because of their status. The DOJ said it will make appropriate redactions for victim-identifying information and asks that any pre-existing protective orders be lifted so the records...
Of Course Ghislaine Maxwell Plans To Plead The Fifth If Called In Front Of Congress (11/24/25)
Maxwellâs legal team has signalled that she will invoke her Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination if sheâs required to testify before the House Oversight Committee (or other congressional investigators) without pre-conditions being met. Specifically, her attorneys have said she will refuse to answer questions unless immunity from further prosecution is granted, the questions are provided in advance, her pending appeals (including to the Supreme Court) are resolved, and the setting is acceptable (for example, not in her prison facility). Without those safeguards, the firm position is that she will âplead the Fifthâ and not participate.
Because Congress...
How QAnon Pulled Public Attention Off Jeffrey Epstein and Redirected It Into Fantasy (11/24/25)
The renewed release of information surrounding Jeffrey Epsteinâs network has highlighted a striking shift among groups that previously positioned themselves as vocal crusaders against child exploitation and elite corruption. During the height of Epsteinâs second arrest in 2019, many of the loudest online voicesâparticularly those aligned with the QAnon movementâused Epsteinâs case as a rallying point, framing it as proof of a hidden global cabal and leveraging public outrage to fuel a sprawling conspiracy narrative. However, as real legal developments, survivor testimony, and documented links to high-profile individuals have resurfaced in recent months, those same factions have large...
Jamie Raskin And His Shameless Defense Of Stacey Plaskett (11/24/25)
In November 2025, newly released documents from the estate of Jeffrey Epstein revealed that Stacey Plaskett (D-U.S. Virgin Islands) exchanged messages with Epstein during a February 2019 congressional hearing involving Michael Cohen. The texts showed Epstein offering advice on questioning strategy (including prompting âRONA â keeper of the secrets,â a reference to Trump executive assistant Rhona Graff) and congratulating Plaskettâs questioning with âGood work.â Plaskettâs office acknowledged Epstein as a constituent (he owned islands in the territory) but denied that he was directing her actions. A GOP-led motion to censure Plaskett and strip her from the House Intelligence Committee failed by a narrow ma...
Mega Edition: How The Maxwell's Are Laundering Ghislaine's Guilt (11/24/25)
Ghislaine Maxwellâs family released a new statement in response to the Department of Justiceâs announcement that it is closing its investigation into Jeffrey Epsteinâs co-conspirators. In it, they expressed âreliefâ that the probe has ended and argued that it validates their long-standing claim that Ghislaine was unfairly targeted and scapegoated. The family asserted that Ghislaine was prosecuted simply because of her association with Epstein, implying that her conviction was more about public pressure than actual culpability. They continue to frame her as a victim of circumstance, not a willing participant in the crimes for which she was convic...
Mega Edition: Johanna Sjoberg's Deposition In The Maxwell/Virginia Roberts Suit (Part 9-10) (11/23/25)
In her deposition in the defamation lawsuit filed by Virginia Giuffre against Ghislaine Maxwell, Johanna Sjoberg described being recruited to work for Jeffrey Epstein under the impression that it was a legitimate job opportunity. According to her testimony, she was initially hired to help with office work but was soon asked to give massages to Epsteinâsomething she testified quickly evolved into inappropriate and unwanted conduct. Sjoberg stated that Ghislaine Maxwell played a central role in managing the household and was often present during these encounters, contributing to the atmosphere of control and pressure. Her deposition supported claims made by Gi...
Mega Edition: Johanna Sjoberg's Deposition In The Maxwell/Virginia Roberts Suit (Part 7-8) (11/23/25)
In her deposition in the defamation lawsuit filed by Virginia Giuffre against Ghislaine Maxwell, Johanna Sjoberg described being recruited to work for Jeffrey Epstein under the impression that it was a legitimate job opportunity. According to her testimony, she was initially hired to help with office work but was soon asked to give massages to Epsteinâsomething she testified quickly evolved into inappropriate and unwanted conduct. Sjoberg stated that Ghislaine Maxwell played a central role in managing the household and was often present during these encounters, contributing to the atmosphere of control and pressure. Her deposition supported claims made by Gi...
The Jeffrey Epstein Estate And The Battle That Raged To Claim It's Fortune
After Jeffrey Epsteinâs death in 2019, a fierce legal and financial battle erupted over control of his estate and the distribution of compensation to his victims. Epstein left behind an estate valued in the hundreds of millions, but the process became mired in disputes between the executors, attorneys for survivors, the Virgin Islands government, and various institutions seeking restitution. At the center was the question of whether the estate would be used primarily to compensate the women trafficked and abused by Epstein, or whether competing interestsâincluding creditors, banks, and government claimsâwould erode the pool of available funds. The estate...
Why Was Kathryn Ruemmler At Jeffrey Epstein's Arraignment?
Kathryn Ruemmler, the former White House counsel under President Barack Obama and a well-known figure in the legal world, was present in the courtroom during Jeffrey Epsteinâs 2019 arraignment in New York. Observers noted that she sat in the section behind Epsteinâs legal team, which sparked immediate speculation about her potential involvement with the case or her relationship to Epstein. Her attendance drew attention because of her high-profile background and her position within one of the countryâs most powerful law firms, raising questions about why someone of her stature would be present at such a closely watched proceeding.
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Bill Clinton Might Have Escaped The Epstein Maelstrom In Public But Not At Home
There have been persistent reports claiming that Bill Clinton was deeply shaken by the fallout surrounding his association with Jeffrey Epstein, particularly because of fears that Hillary Clinton might finally leave him over it. According to those accounts, Hillary was furious when Epsteinâs connections to powerful figures resurfaced and when flight logs, photographs, and witness statements reignited public scrutiny around Billâs relationship with Epstein. The reporting describes her as feeling blindsided and humiliated, believing the renewed controversy threatened not only her personal life but her public legacy, and that she was allegedly weighing the possibility of ending the marr...
Ghislaine Maxwell The Privileged
While most federal inmates across the country were barred from in-person visits because of COVID restrictions, I learned that Ghislaine Maxwell was granted an exception inside the federal detention center in New York. Despite strict pandemic rules that kept families, attorneys, and even clergy away from prisoners, officials approved a personal visit for Maxwell, fueling accusations that she was receiving privileges unavailable to other inmates. Sources inside the facility described how the visit was conducted in a room separate from the general population and under unusual accommodation, reinforcing suspicions that she was being treated differently from everyone else inside the...
What Donald Trumpâs Attack on the Epstein Case Reveals About Influence and Fear (Part 2) (11/23/25)
In this episode, we tear apart the delusion that anyone in power is coming to save us from the rot at the center of the Jeffrey Epstein scandal. No mysterious hero, no hidden plan, no 4D chess. Just a government and media machine built to protect predators while survivors fight alone. We break down how Donald Trumpâs decision to call the Epstein case a hoax was not ignorance but a calculated act of cruelty, a full scale assault on more than a thousand victims, and a desperate attempt to smother the truth before it burns down the people who be...
What Donald Trumpâs Attack on the Epstein Case Reveals About Influence and Fear (Part 1) (11/23/25)
In this episode, we tear apart the delusion that anyone in power is coming to save us from the rot at the center of the Jeffrey Epstein scandal. No mysterious hero, no hidden plan, no 4D chess. Just a government and media machine built to protect predators while survivors fight alone. We break down how Donald Trumpâs decision to call the Epstein case a hoax was not ignorance but a calculated act of cruelty, a full scale assault on more than a thousand victims, and a desperate attempt to smother the truth before it burns down the people who be...
Larry Summers And His Honeymoon Getaway To...Epstein's Island (11/23/25)
In December 2005, ten days after their wedding, Summers and New embarked on their honeymoon, travelling first to the Caribbean and thenâaccording to publicly available flight logsâto Epsteinâs private island. They departed from Bedford, Massachusetts, on December 21 on Epsteinâs plane bound for St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands, a typical staging point to transfer onward to Little Saint James. The records indicate that Summers and New, along with Epsteinâs pilot and Ghislaine Maxwell as co-traveller, made a short stop on the island for less than a full day. A spokesperson for Summers later confirmed the brief visit, not...
Mega Edition: The DOJ And The Jeffrey Epstein Fairy Tale They Tried To Pitch (11/23/25)
The Department of Justice's declaration that Jeffrey Epstein was a "lone wolf" with no ties to intelligence and no involvement in kompromat is not just laughableâitâs an insult to the intelligence of every American with a functioning frontal lobe. This isnât just a lie; itâs a grotesque act of gaslighting. You donât amass blackmail material on billionaires, politicians, and royalty by accident. You donât operate an international sex trafficking ring out of mansions, private islands, and government-funded plea deals unless someone very powerful is holding the door open. For the DOJ to issue this absurd narra...
Mega Edition: My Interviews With Maria Farmer (11/23/25)
Maria Farmer is an American visual artist who rose to public attention not for her artwork initially, but for being among the first whistleblowers to alert authorities about Jeffrey Epstein and Ghislaine Maxwell. In 1996, while working for Epstein and Maxwell in New York, she was allegedly sexually assaulted by both. She went on to submit what is recognized as the first criminal complaint to the New York City Police Department and the FBIâa warning that would unfortunately go unheeded for years.
Over the years Farmer has reemerged as a powerful advocate for survivors of Epsteinâs expl...
Mega Edition: Johanna Sjoberg's Deposition In The Maxwell/Virginia Roberts Suit (Part 5-6) (11/23/25)
In her deposition in the defamation lawsuit filed by Virginia Giuffre against Ghislaine Maxwell, Johanna Sjoberg described being recruited to work for Jeffrey Epstein under the impression that it was a legitimate job opportunity. According to her testimony, she was initially hired to help with office work but was soon asked to give massages to Epsteinâsomething she testified quickly evolved into inappropriate and unwanted conduct. Sjoberg stated that Ghislaine Maxwell played a central role in managing the household and was often present during these encounters, contributing to the atmosphere of control and pressure. Her deposition supported claims made by Gi...
Mega Edition: Johanna Sjoberg's Deposition In The Maxwell/Virginia Roberts Suit (Part 3-4) (11/23/25)
In her deposition in the defamation lawsuit filed by Virginia Giuffre against Ghislaine Maxwell, Johanna Sjoberg described being recruited to work for Jeffrey Epstein under the impression that it was a legitimate job opportunity. According to her testimony, she was initially hired to help with office work but was soon asked to give massages to Epsteinâsomething she testified quickly evolved into inappropriate and unwanted conduct. Sjoberg stated that Ghislaine Maxwell played a central role in managing the household and was often present during these encounters, contributing to the atmosphere of control and pressure. Her deposition supported claims made by Gi...
Mega Edition: Johanna Sjoberg's Deposition In The Maxwell/Virginia Roberts Suit (Part 1-2) (11/22/25)
In her deposition in the defamation lawsuit filed by Virginia Giuffre against Ghislaine Maxwell, Johanna Sjoberg described being recruited to work for Jeffrey Epstein under the impression that it was a legitimate job opportunity. According to her testimony, she was initially hired to help with office work but was soon asked to give massages to Epsteinâsomething she testified quickly evolved into inappropriate and unwanted conduct. Sjoberg stated that Ghislaine Maxwell played a central role in managing the household and was often present during these encounters, contributing to the atmosphere of control and pressure. Her deposition supported claims made by Gi...
The FBI And The Long History Of Inaction When It Comes To Jeffrey Epstein
In 2020, the FBI began reaching out directly to survivors of Jeffrey Epsteinâs abuse, informing them that new findings had emerged and arranging private briefings to share the material. After years of feeling ignored or sidelined by the justice system, survivors described the outreach as a sudden and unexpected shift, suggesting that the bureau had gathered additional evidence since Epsteinâs death and was preparing to disclose information that had been previously withheld. The FBI told them they would be receiving documents and updates firsthand, rather than hearing developments through public reports or court filings, raising hopes that long-absent transparency migh...
Jeffrey Epstein And His Friends In The Financial Sector That Acted As A Safety Net
Jeffrey Epsteinâs friends in the financial sector acted as a crucial safety net that enabled him to operate for decades without meaningful consequences. Wealthy financiers, private-equity executives, hedge-fund managers, and high-ranking banking figures opened doors for him, legitimized him publicly, and helped craft the image of a brilliant money manager with mysterious access to elite capital. Institutions continued to work with him even after his 2008 conviction, granting him accounts, moving large sums of money, and treating him as a respected client rather than a convicted sex offender. These relationships provided not just financial support, but credibility â the appearance of inst...
Epstein's Favorite Banks Turned A Blind Eye To His Abuse According To Allegations
Two women who say they were sexually abused by Jeffrey Epstein have filed separate lawsuits against JPMorgan Chase & Co. and Deutsche Bank AG, alleging that the banks âturned a blind eyeâ to Epsteinâs trafficking operations and actively facilitated his abuse of young women. The suits claim that the banks ignored red flagsâsuch as large cash withdrawals, suspicious wire transfers, and accounts linked to women exploited by Epsteinâand that they financially benefited from maintaining him as a client despite his criminal history.
In the case against JPMorgan, the lawsuit points to senior executives and the bankâs wealth-man...
Ghislaine Ramps Up The PR Campaign As She Tries To Win Favor With The Court
Maxwell and her team mounted a broad PR offensive to humanize her and create a sympathetic narrative ahead of her $28.5 million bail proposal. Her court filings included letters from her undisclosed husband and more than a dozen friends and family members describing her as a âwonderful and loving personâ and insisting she posed no flight risk. Her husbandâs letter acknowledged her relationship with Jeffrey Epstein but claimed she âhad nothing to doâ with the crimesâsetting the stage for her bail package by positioning her as a loyal spouse and stable individual awaiting trial.
At the same time, t...
Inside My Six-Year Battle Against Jeffrey Epstein: Before the World Listened (Part 3) (11/22/25)
I spent years digging into the Jeffrey Epstein situation when almost nobody wanted to touch it. During that time, speaking publicly about what was really happening came with actual consequencesâjobs vanished, relationships fell apart, and people distanced themselves fast. I dealt with intimidation attempts, anonymous calls, and pressure meant to get me to stop. Instead of backing off, I drove to Zorro Ranch to make it clear that fear wasnât going to dictate anything I did. I grew up around real danger, and those tactics didnât land the way they expected. What mattered then, and still matters now, i...
Inside My Six-Year Battle Against Jeffrey Epstein: Before the World Listened (Part 2) (11/22/25)
I spent years digging into the Jeffrey Epstein situation when almost nobody wanted to touch it. During that time, speaking publicly about what was really happening came with actual consequencesâjobs vanished, relationships fell apart, and people distanced themselves fast. I dealt with intimidation attempts, anonymous calls, and pressure meant to get me to stop. Instead of backing off, I drove to Zorro Ranch to make it clear that fear wasnât going to dictate anything I did. I grew up around real danger, and those tactics didnât land the way they expected. What mattered then, and still matters now, i...
Inside My Six-Year Battle Against Jeffrey Epstein: Before the World Listened (Part 1) (11/22/25)
I spent years digging into the Jeffrey Epstein situation when almost nobody wanted to touch it. During that time, speaking publicly about what was really happening came with actual consequencesâjobs vanished, relationships fell apart, and people distanced themselves fast. I dealt with intimidation attempts, anonymous calls, and pressure meant to get me to stop. Instead of backing off, I drove to Zorro Ranch to make it clear that fear wasnât going to dictate anything I did. I grew up around real danger, and those tactics didnât land the way they expected. What mattered then, and still matters now, i...